diff --git a/sprout/assert.hpp b/sprout/assert.hpp
index 07f4b919..42d12fd4 100644
--- a/sprout/assert.hpp
+++ b/sprout/assert.hpp
@@ -21,14 +21,12 @@
 #	include <sprout/preprocessor/stringize.hpp>
 #endif
 
-#if !(defined(SPROUT_DISABLE_ASSERTS) || defined(NDEBUG))
-	//
-	// SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT
-	//
-#	ifndef SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT
-#		define SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT(expr, file, line) \
-			"***** Internal Program Error - assertion (" #expr ") failed: " file "(" SPROUT_PP_STRINGIZE(line) ")"
-#	endif
+//
+// SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT
+//
+#ifndef SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT
+#	define SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT(expr, file, line) \
+		"***** Internal Program Error - assertion (" #expr ") failed: " file "(" SPROUT_PP_STRINGIZE(line) ")"
 #endif
 
 //
diff --git a/testspr/assert.hpp b/testspr/assert.hpp
index 0a981d92..063f8e10 100644
--- a/testspr/assert.hpp
+++ b/testspr/assert.hpp
@@ -8,18 +8,56 @@
 #ifndef TESTSPR_ASSERT_HPP
 #define TESTSPR_ASSERT_HPP
 
-#include <cassert>
+#include <string>
+#include <stdexcept>
 #ifdef TESTSPR_CONFIG_ENABLE_STATIC_WARNING
 #	include <boost/serialization/static_warning.hpp>
 #endif
+#include <sprout/assert.hpp>
+
+namespace testspr {
+	//
+	// assertion_failed
+	//
+	class assertion_failed
+		: public std::runtime_error
+	{
+	public:
+		explicit assertion_failed(std::string const& msg)
+			: std::runtime_error(msg)
+		{}
+		explicit assertion_failed(char const* msg)
+			: std::runtime_error(msg)
+		{}
+	};
+
+	namespace detail {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool
+		assertion_check(bool cond, std::string const& msg) {
+			return cond ? true
+				: throw testspr::assertion_failed(msg)
+				;
+		}
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool
+		assertion_check(bool cond, char const* msg) {
+			return cond ? true
+				: throw testspr::assertion_failed(msg)
+				;
+		}
+	}	// namespace detail
+}	// namespace testspr
 
 //
 // TESTSPR_STATIC_ASSERT
 // TESTSPR_ASSERT
+//
+#define TESTSPR_STATIC_ASSERT(expr) \
+	static_assert(expr, #expr)
+#define TESTSPR_ASSERT(expr) \
+	((void)sprout::detail::assertion_check((expr), SPROUT_ASSERTION_FAILED_FORMAT(expr, __FILE__, __LINE__)))
+//
 // TESTSPR_BOTH_ASSERT
 //
-#define TESTSPR_STATIC_ASSERT(expr) static_assert(expr, #expr)
-#define TESTSPR_ASSERT(expr) assert(expr)
 #ifndef SPROUT_CONFIG_DISABLE_CONSTEXPR
 #	define TESTSPR_BOTH_ASSERT(expr) TESTSPR_STATIC_ASSERT(expr); TESTSPR_ASSERT(expr)
 #else	// #ifndef SPROUT_CONFIG_DISABLE_CONSTEXPR
diff --git a/testspr/include_main.hpp b/testspr/include_main.hpp
index 37921b1e..fd73ed0a 100644
--- a/testspr/include_main.hpp
+++ b/testspr/include_main.hpp
@@ -14,13 +14,40 @@
 #	error undefined TESTSPR_TEST_FUNCTION
 #endif
 
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <exception>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sprout/preprocessor/stringize.hpp>
+#include <testspr/assert.hpp>
+#include <testspr/typeinfo.hpp>
 
 int main() {
-	std::cout << "testspr exec: " << SPROUT_PP_STRINGIZE(TESTSPR_TEST_FUNCTION) << std::endl;
-	TESTSPR_TEST_FUNCTION();
-	std::cout << "testspr succeeded." << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "testspr exec(" << SPROUT_PP_STRINGIZE(TESTSPR_TEST_FUNCTION) << "):" << std::endl;
+	try {
+		TESTSPR_TEST_FUNCTION();
+	} catch (testspr::assertion_failed const& e) {
+		std::cout
+			<< "  testspr failed." << std::endl
+			<< "  " << e.what() << std::endl
+			;
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	} catch (std::exception const& e) {
+		std::cout
+			<< "  testspr failed for some reason." << std::endl
+			<< "  exception handled:" << std::endl
+			<< "    type = " << testspr::typename_of(e) << std::endl
+			<< "    what = " << e.what() << std::endl
+			;
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	} catch (...) {
+		std::cout
+			<< "  testspr failed for some reason." << std::endl
+			<< "  exception handled:" << std::endl
+			<< "    type = <unknown>" << std::endl
+			;
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+	std::cout << "  testspr succeeded." << std::endl;
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/testspr/sprout.cpp b/testspr/sprout.cpp
index 8fcb97d8..0a5d9725 100644
--- a/testspr/sprout.cpp
+++ b/testspr/sprout.cpp
@@ -13,10 +13,6 @@
 #	define TESTSPR_CPP_INCLUDE
 #endif
 
-#ifdef TESTSPR_CONFIG_INCLUDE_HEADER_ALL
-#	include "./header_all.hpp"
-#endif
-
 #include "../libs/array/test/array.cpp"
 #include "../libs/string/test/string.cpp"
 #include "../libs/bitset/test/bitset.cpp"
diff --git a/testspr/test.sh b/testspr/test.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 3d3661f6..00000000
--- a/testspr/test.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-# =============================================================================
-# Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Bolero MURAKAMI
-# https://github.com/bolero-MURAKAMI/Sprout
-#
-# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
-# file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
-# =============================================================================
-stagedir="testspr"
-gcc_version="4.7.0 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.8.0 4.8.1"
-clang_version="3.2 3.3"
-gcc_root="/usr/local"
-clang_root="/usr/local"
-declare -a user_macros
-user_macros=()
-declare -a include_paths
-include_paths=()
-force=0
-use_help=0
-declare -A version_specific_options
-version_specific_options=(
-	[clang-3.3]="-ftemplate-depth=512"
-)
-declare -A results
-results=()
-
-compile() {
-	echo "${1}-${2} compile..."
-	${5}/${1}-${2}/bin/${1/%cc}++ -Wall -pedantic -std=c++11 -o ${stagedir}/test_${1}${2//.} ${4} ${3}
-	results[${1}-${2}]=$?
-}
-execute() {
-	if [ ${results[${1}-${2}]} -eq 0 ]; then
-		echo "${1}-${2} compile succeeded."
-		if ${stagedir}/test_$1${2//.}; then
-			echo "${1}-${2} execute succeeded."
-		else
-			echo >&2 "error: ${1}-${2} execute failed."
-		fi
-	else
-		echo >&2 "error: ${1}-${2} compile failed."
-	fi
-}
-
-args=`getopt -o S:D:I:f -l stagedir:,gcc-version:,clang-version:,gcc-root:,clang-root:,define:,include:,force,help -- "$@"`
-if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
-	echo >&2 "error: options parse error. See 'test.sh --help'"
-	exit 1
-fi
-eval set -- ${args}
-while [ -n "$1" ]; do
-	case $1 in
-		-S|--stagedir) stagedir=$2; shift 2;;
-		--gcc-version) gcc_version="$2"; shift 2;;
-		--clang-version) clang_version="$2"; shift 2;;
-		--gcc-root) gcc_root="$2"; shift 2;;
-		--clang-root) clang_root="$2"; shift 2;;
-		-D|--define) user_macros=(${user_macros[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
-		-I|--include) include_paths=(${include_paths[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
-		-f|--force) force=1; shift;;
-		--help) use_help=1; shift;;
-		--) shift; break;;
-		*) echo >&2 "error: unknown option($1) used."; exit 1;;
-	esac
-done
-
-if [ ${use_help} -ne 0 ]; then
-	echo "help:"
-	echo ""
-	echo "  -S, --stagedir=<dir>        Output files here."
-	echo "                              Default; 'testspr'"
-	echo ""
-	echo "      --gcc-version=<value>   Indicates gcc version."
-	echo "                              Default; '4.7.0 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.8.0 4.8.1'"
-	echo ""
-	echo "      --clang-version=<value> Indicates clang version."
-	echo "                              Default; '3.2 3.3'"
-	echo ""
-	echo "      --gcc-root=<dir>        Root directory that gcc installed."
-	echo "                              Default; '/usr/local'"
-	echo ""
-	echo "      --clang-root=<dir>      Root directory that clang installed."
-	echo "                              Default; '/usr/local'"
-	echo ""
-	echo "  -D, --define=<identifier>   Define macro for preprocessor."
-	echo ""
-	echo "  -I, --include=<directory>   Add system include path."
-	echo ""
-	echo "  -f, --force                 Allow overwrite of <stagedir>."
-	echo ""
-	echo "      --help                  This message."
-	exit 0
-fi
-
-echo "settings:"
-echo "  stagedir = '${stagedir}'"
-echo "  gcc-version = (${gcc_version})"
-echo "  clang-version = (${clang_version})"
-echo "  gcc-root = '${gcc_root}'"
-echo "  clang-root = '${clang_root}'"
-echo "  user-macros = (${user_macros[*]})"
-echo "  include-paths = (${include_paths[*]})"
-echo "  force = ${force}"
-
-for user_macro in ${user_macros}; do
-	define_options="${define_options} -D${user_macro}"
-done
-for include_path in ${include_paths}; do
-	include_options="${include_options} -I${include_path}"
-done
-
-if [ -d "${stagedir}" ]; then
-	if [ ${force} -eq 0 ]; then
-		echo >&2 "error: stagedir(${stagedir}) already exists."
-		exit 1
-	else
-		rm -f -r ${stagedir}/*
-	fi
-else
-	mkdir -p ${stagedir}
-fi
-
-for version in ${gcc_version}; do
-	compile gcc ${version} $(cd $(dirname $0); pwd)/sprout.cpp "${define_options} ${include_options} ${version_specific_options[gcc-${version}]}" ${gcc_root}
-done
-for version in ${clang_version}; do
-	compile clang ${version} $(cd $(dirname $0); pwd)/sprout.cpp "${define_options} ${include_options} ${version_specific_options[clang-${version}]}" ${clang_root}
-done
-
-for version in ${gcc_version}; do
-	execute gcc ${version}
-done
-for version in ${clang_version}; do
-	execute clang ${version}
-done
diff --git a/testspr/typeinfo.hpp b/testspr/typeinfo.hpp
index 05864673..a50ca6d4 100644
--- a/testspr/typeinfo.hpp
+++ b/testspr/typeinfo.hpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <typeinfo>
 #ifdef TESTSPR_HAS_CXXABI_H
 #	include <cstdlib>
@@ -53,11 +54,19 @@ namespace testspr {
 	inline std::string typename_of() {
 		return testspr::detail::cxa_demangle(typeid(T).name());
 	}
+	template<typename T>
+	inline std::string typename_of(T&& t) {
+		return testspr::detail::cxa_demangle(typeid(std::forward<T>(t)).name());
+	}
 #else
 	template<typename T>
 	inline std::string typename_of() {
 		return std::string(typeid(T).name());
 	}
+	template<typename T>
+	inline std::string typename_of(T&& t) {
+		return std::string(typeid(std::forward<T>(t)).name());
+	}
 #endif
 }	// namespace testspr
 
diff --git a/tools/darkroom/darkcult.py b/tools/darkroom/darkcult.py
index 29004fa0..d164af70 100755
--- a/tools/darkroom/darkcult.py
+++ b/tools/darkroom/darkcult.py
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ def main():
 	return any(pool.map(
 		compile,
 		[format_command(x, y)
-			for x in range(0, opts.width, opts.tile_width)
 			for y in range(0, opts.height, opts.tile_height)
+			for x in range(0, opts.width, opts.tile_width)
 			]
 		))
 
diff --git a/tools/darkroom/darkcult.sh b/tools/darkroom/darkcult.sh
index 19f01a16..afe89332 100755
--- a/tools/darkroom/darkcult.sh
+++ b/tools/darkroom/darkcult.sh
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ while [ -n "$1" ]; do
 		-H|--tile-height) tile_height=$2; shift 2;;
 		-D|--define) user_macros=(${user_macros[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
 		-I|--include) include_paths=(${include_paths[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
-		-P|--max_procs) max_procs=$2; shift 2;;
+		-P|--max-procs) max_procs=$2; shift 2;;
 		-f|--force) force=1; shift;;
 		--help) use_help=1; shift;;
 		--) shift; break;;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ if [ ${max_procs} -eq 1 ]; then
 		done
 		echo ""
 
-		let "y_elapsed=${SECONDS}-${y_start}"
+		let y_elapsed=${SECONDS}-${y_start}
 		echo "    elapsed = ${y_elapsed}s"
 	done
 else
@@ -178,15 +178,14 @@ else
 		"--tile_width=${tile_width}" "--tile_height=${tile_height}"" "\
 		"--compile_options=${compile_options}" "--darkcult_cpp=${darkcult_cpp}" \
 		"--max_procs=${max_procs}"
+	echo ""
 	if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-		echo ""
 		echo >&2 "error: compile failed."
 		exit 1
 	fi
-	echo ""
 fi
 
-let "elapsed=${SECONDS}-${start}"
+let elapsed=${SECONDS}-${start}
 echo "  elapsed(total) = ${elapsed}s"
 
 for ((y=0; y<height; y+=tile_height)); do
diff --git a/tools/testspr/test.cpp b/tools/testspr/test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..65edb26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testspr/test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/*=============================================================================
+  Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Bolero MURAKAMI
+  https://github.com/bolero-MURAKAMI/Sprout
+
+  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+  file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+=============================================================================*/
+#ifdef TESTSPR_CONFIG_INCLUDE_HEADER_ALL
+#	include "../../testspr/header_all.hpp"
+#endif
+
+#	include "../../testspr/sprout.cpp"
diff --git a/tools/testspr/test.py b/tools/testspr/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c84cd34b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testspr/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# =============================================================================
+# Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Bolero MURAKAMI
+# https://github.com/bolero-MURAKAMI/Sprout
+#
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+# file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+# =============================================================================
+import sys
+import optparse
+import subprocess
+import multiprocessing
+
+def compile(command):
+	sys.stdout.write(".")
+	sys.stdout.flush()
+	return subprocess.call(command, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+
+def main():
+	parser = optparse.OptionParser(description='test.py')
+	parser.add_option('--stagedir', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--gcc_version', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--clang_version', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--gcc_root', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--clang_root', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--compile_options', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--test_cpp', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--serialized_version_specific_options', type='string')
+	parser.add_option('--max_procs', type='int')
+	(opts, args) = parser.parse_args()
+
+	pool = multiprocessing.Pool(opts.max_procs if opts.max_procs != 0 else None)
+
+	def format_command(name, version, root):
+		base = "%s-%s" % (name, version) if version != "." else name
+		bin = "%s/test.%s.out" % (opts.stagedir, base.replace('.', ''))
+		compile_log = "%s/test.%s.compile.log" % (opts.stagedir, base.replace('.', ''))
+		execute_log = "%s/test.%s.execute.log" % (opts.stagedir, base.replace('.', ''))
+		compiler = "%s/%s/bin/%s++" % (root, base, name.rstrip('c')) if version != "." else "%s++" % name.rstrip('c')
+		return "%s -o %s" \
+			" %s %s" \
+			" %s > %s 2>&1" \
+			" && %s > %s 2>&1" \
+			% (compiler, bin,
+				opts.compile_options, eval(opts.serialized_version_specific_options).get(base, ''),
+				opts.test_cpp, compile_log,
+				bin, execute_log
+				)
+	return sum(result != 0 for result in pool.map(
+		compile,
+		[format_command('gcc', version, opts.gcc_root)
+			for version in opts.gcc_version.split(' ')
+			]
+		+
+		[format_command('clang', version, opts.clang_root)
+			for version in opts.clang_version.split(' ')
+			]
+		))
+
+if __name__=="__main__":
+	sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/tools/testspr/test.sh b/tools/testspr/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..5381a66e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testspr/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# =============================================================================
+# Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Bolero MURAKAMI
+# https://github.com/bolero-MURAKAMI/Sprout
+#
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+# file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+# =============================================================================
+#
+# requires: Python (http://www.python.org/) if parallel mode
+#
+stagedir="testspr"
+gcc_version="."
+clang_version="."
+gcc_root="/usr/local"
+clang_root="/usr/local"
+declare -a user_macros
+user_macros=()
+declare -a include_paths
+include_paths=()
+max_procs=1
+force=0
+use_help=0
+declare -a common_options
+common_options=()
+declare -a version_options
+version_options=()
+declare -A version_specific_options
+version_specific_options=(
+	[clang-3.3]='-ftemplate-depth=512'
+)
+test_cpp=$(cd $(dirname $0); pwd)/test.cpp
+test_py=$(cd $(dirname $0); pwd)/test.py
+
+args=`getopt -o S:g:c:O:o:D:I:P:f -l stagedir:,gcc-version:,clang-version:,gcc-root:,clang-root:,option:,version-option:,define:,include:,max-procs:,force,help -- "$@"`
+if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
+	echo >&2 "error: options parse error. See 'test.sh --help'"
+	exit 1
+fi
+eval set -- ${args}
+while [ -n "$1" ]; do
+	case $1 in
+		-S|--stagedir) stagedir=$2; shift 2;;
+		-g|--gcc-version) gcc_version="$2"; shift 2;;
+		-c|--clang-version) clang_version="$2"; shift 2;;
+		--gcc-root) gcc_root="$2"; shift 2;;
+		--clang-root) clang_root="$2"; shift 2;;
+		-O|--option) common_options=(${common_options[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
+		-o|--version-option) version_options=(${version_options[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
+		-D|--define) user_macros=(${user_macros[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
+		-I|--include) include_paths=(${include_paths[@]} "$2"); shift 2;;
+		-P|--max-procs) max_procs=$2; shift 2;;
+		-f|--force) force=1; shift;;
+		--help) use_help=1; shift;;
+		--) shift; break;;
+		*) echo >&2 "error: unknown option($1) used."; exit 1;;
+	esac
+done
+
+if [ ${use_help} -ne 0 ]; then
+	echo "help:"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -S, --stagedir=<dir>        Output files here."
+	echo "                              Default; 'testspr'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -g, --gcc-version=<list>    Indicates gcc version list (space separated)."
+	echo "                              If '.', version that is installed on the system."
+	echo "                              Default; '.'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -c, --clang-version=<list>  Indicates clang version list (space separated)."
+	echo "                              If '.', version that is installed on the system."
+	echo "                              Default; '.'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "      --gcc-root=<dir>        Root directory that gcc installed."
+	echo "                              Default; '/usr/local'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "      --clang-root=<dir>      Root directory that clang installed."
+	echo "                              Default; '/usr/local'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -O, --option=<opt>          Add compile option."
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -o, --version-option=<opt>  Add version specific compile option."
+	echo "                              Example; [clang-3.3]='-ftemplate-depth=512'"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -D, --define=<identifier>   Define macro for preprocessor."
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -I, --include=<directory>   Add system include path."
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -P, --max-procs=<value>     The maximum number of process use."
+	echo "                              If other than 1, processing in parallel mode."
+	echo "                              If 0, using the number of CPUs in the system."
+	echo "                              Default; 1"
+	echo ""
+	echo "  -f, --force                 Allow overwrite of <stagedir>."
+	echo ""
+	echo "      --help                  This message."
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+echo "settings:"
+echo "  stagedir = '${stagedir}'"
+echo "  gcc-version = (${gcc_version})"
+echo "  clang-version = (${clang_version})"
+echo "  gcc-root = '${gcc_root}'"
+echo "  clang-root = '${clang_root}'"
+echo "  common-options = (${common_options[*]})"
+echo "  version-options = (${version_options[*]})"
+echo "  user-macros = (${user_macros[*]})"
+echo "  include-paths = (${include_paths[*]})"
+echo "  max-procs = ${max_procs}"
+echo "  force = ${force}"
+
+for user_macro in ${user_macros}; do
+	define_options="${define_options} -D${user_macro}"
+done
+for include_path in ${include_paths}; do
+	include_options="${include_options} -I${include_path}"
+done
+compile_options="-Wall -pedantic -std=c++11 ${define_options} ${include_options} ${common_options[*]}"
+for option in ${version_options}; do
+	eval "version_specific_options${option}"
+done
+
+if [ -d "${stagedir}" ]; then
+	if [ ${force} -eq 0 ]; then
+		echo >&2 "error: stagedir(${stagedir}) already exists."
+		exit 1
+	else
+		rm -f -r ${stagedir}/*
+	fi
+else
+	mkdir -p ${stagedir}
+fi
+
+echo "test:"
+compile() {
+	local base
+	if [ ${2} != "." ]; then
+		base=${1}-${2}
+	else
+		base=${1}
+	fi
+	local bin=${stagedir}/test.${base//.}.out
+	local compile_log=${stagedir}/test.${base//.}.compile.log
+	local execute_log=${stagedir}/test.${base//.}.execute.log
+	local compiler
+	if [ ${2} != "." ]; then
+		compiler=${6}/${base}/bin/${1/%cc}++
+	else
+		compiler=${1/%cc}++
+	fi
+	echo "  compile(${base})..."
+	${compiler} -o ${bin} ${4} ${5[${base}]} ${3} >${compile_log} 2>&1
+	if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
+		echo "    compile succeeded."
+		echo "    execute(${base})..."
+		${bin} >${execute_log} 2>&1
+		if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
+			echo "      execute succeeded."
+		else
+			echo >&2 "      error: execute(${base}) failed."
+			return 1
+		fi
+	else
+		echo >&2 "    error: compile(${base}) failed."
+		return 1
+	fi
+	return 0
+}
+if [ ${max_procs} -eq 1 ]; then
+	fail_count=0
+	for version in ${gcc_version}; do
+		compile gcc ${version} ${test_cpp} ${compile_options} ${version_specific_options} ${gcc_root}
+		let fail_count=${fail_count}+$?
+	done
+	for version in ${clang_version}; do
+		compile clang ${version} ${test_cpp} ${compile_options} ${version_specific_options} ${clang_root}
+		let fail_count=${fail_count}+$?
+	done
+	if [ ${fail_count} -ne 0 ]; then
+		echo >&2 "  error: test(${fail_count}) failed."
+	else 
+		echo "  test succeeded."
+	fi
+else
+	echo "  processing in parallel mode."
+	echo -n "  "
+	serialized_version_specific_options={`
+		for key in $(echo ${!version_specific_options[@]}); do
+			echo \'${key}\':\'${version_specific_options[${key}]}\',
+		done
+		echo \'_\':\'\'
+	`}
+	python "${test_py}" \
+		"--stagedir=${stagedir}" \
+		"--gcc_version=${gcc_version}" "--clang_version=${clang_version}" \
+		"--gcc_root=${gcc_root}" "--clang_root=${clang_root}" \
+		"--compile_options=${compile_options}" "--test_cpp=${test_cpp}" \
+		"--serialized_version_specific_options=${serialized_version_specific_options}" \
+		"--max_procs=${max_procs}"
+	fail_count=$?
+	echo ""
+	if [ ${fail_count} -ne 0 ]; then
+		echo >&2 "  error: test(${fail_count}) failed."
+	else 
+		echo "  test succeeded."
+	fi
+fi
+
+echo "finished."