diff --git a/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
index 806632d4..aff9171c 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
@@ -33,40 +33,40 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typedef value_type* pointer;
 		typedef value_type reference;
 	private:
+		difference_type index_;
 		value_type frequency_;
 		value_type amplitude_;
-		difference_type index_;
 		value_type d_;
 	private:
 		explicit SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sinusoid_iterator(sinusoid_iterator const& other, difference_type index)
-			: frequency_(other.frequency_)
+			: index_(index)
+			, frequency_(other.frequency_)
 			, amplitude_(other.amplitude_)
-			, index_(index)
 			, d_(other.d_)
 		{}
 	public:
 		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sinusoid_iterator()
-			: frequency_(1)
+			: index_()
+			, frequency_(1)
 			, amplitude_(1)
-			, index_()
 			, d_(value_type(2) * sprout::math::pi<value_type>())
 		{}
 		sinusoid_iterator(sinusoid_iterator const&) = default;
 		explicit SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sinusoid_iterator(
-			value_type const& frequency,
-			value_type const& amplitude = 1,
-			difference_type index = 0
+			difference_type index,
+			value_type const& frequency = 1,
+			value_type const& amplitude = 1
 			)
-			: frequency_(frequency)
+			: index_(index)
+			, frequency_(frequency)
 			, amplitude_(amplitude)
-			, index_(index)
 			, d_(value_type(2) * sprout::math::pi<value_type>() * frequency)
 		{}
 		template<typename U>
 		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sinusoid_iterator(sinusoid_iterator<U> const& it)
-			: frequency_(it.frequency_)
+			: index_(it.index_)
+			, frequency_(it.frequency_)
 			, amplitude_(it.amplitude_)
-			, index_(it.index_)
 			, d_(it.d_)
 		{}
 		template<typename U>
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
index fa9fc805..7108e00c 100644
--- a/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_HPP
 
 #include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/copied.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp>
 
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor/copied.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor/copied.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f79b96e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor/copied.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_COPIED_HPP
+#define SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_COPIED_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/pit.hpp>
+#include <sprout/container/traits.hpp>
+#include <sprout/container/functions.hpp>
+#include <sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp>
+#include <sprout/algorithm/fixed/result_of.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/range_container.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/algorithm/copy.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type_traits/lvalue_reference.hpp>
+#include <sprout/utility/forward.hpp>
+#include <sprout/utility/lvalue_forward.hpp>
+#include <sprout/utility/value_holder.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace adaptors {
+		//
+		// copied_range
+		//
+		template<typename Range>
+		class copied_range
+			: public sprout::range::range_container<
+				typename sprout::container_traits<Range>::iterator
+			>
+			, public sprout::detail::inherit_if_fixed_size<Range>
+		{
+		public:
+			typedef Range range_type;
+			typedef sprout::range::range_container<
+				typename sprout::container_traits<Range>::iterator
+			> base_type;
+			typedef typename base_type::iterator iterator;
+		public:
+			copied_range() = default;
+			copied_range(copied_range const&) = default;
+			explicit SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_range(range_type& range)
+				: base_type(
+					sprout::begin(range),
+					sprout::end(range)
+					)
+			{}
+			template<typename Result>
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR operator Result() const {
+				return sprout::range::fixed::copy(*this, sprout::pit<Result>());
+			}
+		};
+
+		//
+		// copy_holder
+		//
+		template<typename Result>
+		class copy_holder {
+		public:
+			typedef Result result_type;
+		private:
+			sprout::value_holder<result_type&> result_;
+		public:
+			copy_holder() = default;
+			copy_holder(copy_holder const&) = default;
+			explicit SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copy_holder(result_type& result)
+				: result_(result)
+			{}
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR result_type result() const {
+				return result_;
+			}
+		};
+
+		//
+		// copied_forwarder
+		//
+		class copied_forwarder {
+		public:
+			template<typename Result>
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::adaptors::copy_holder<Result const>
+			operator()(Result const& result) {
+				return typename sprout::adaptors::copy_holder<Result const>(result);
+			}
+		};
+
+		//
+		// copied
+		//
+		namespace {
+			SPROUT_STATIC_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::copied_forwarder copied{};
+		}	// anonymous-namespace
+
+		//
+		// operator|
+		//
+		template<typename Range, typename Result>
+		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::fixed::result_of::algorithm<sprout::pit<Result> >::type
+		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::adaptors::copy_holder<Result> const& rhs) {
+			return sprout::range::fixed::copy(sprout::lvalue_forward<Range>(lhs), sprout::pit<Result>());
+		}
+		template<typename Range>
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::copied_range<
+			typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
+		>
+		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::adaptors::copied_forwarder const& rhs) {
+			return sprout::adaptors::copied_range<
+				typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
+			>(
+				sprout::lvalue_forward<Range>(lhs)
+				);
+		}
+	}	// namespace adaptors
+
+	//
+	// container_construct_traits
+	//
+	template<typename Range>
+	struct container_construct_traits<sprout::adaptors::copied_range<Range> > {
+	public:
+		typedef typename sprout::container_construct_traits<Range>::copied_type copied_type;
+	public:
+		template<typename Cont>
+		static SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_type deep_copy(Cont&& cont) {
+			return sprout::range::fixed::copy(sprout::forward<Cont>(cont), sprout::pit<copied_type>());
+		}
+		template<typename... Args>
+		static SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_type make(Args&&... args) {
+			return sprout::make<copied_type>(sprout::forward<Args>(args)...);
+		}
+		template<typename Cont, typename... Args>
+		static SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_type remake(
+			Cont&& cont,
+			typename sprout::container_traits<sprout::adaptors::copied_range<Range> >::difference_type size,
+			Args&&... args
+			)
+		{
+			return sprout::remake<copied_type>(sprout::forward<Cont>(cont), size, sprout::forward<Args>(args)...);
+		}
+	};
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_COPIED_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp
index 249cf592..d8ec2f0f 100644
--- a/sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp
@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@
 #include <sprout/type_traits/lvalue_reference.hpp>
 #include <sprout/utility/forward.hpp>
 #include <sprout/utility/lvalue_forward.hpp>
-#include <sprout/utility/value_holder.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
-	namespace range {
+	namespace adaptors {
 		//
 		// sinusoidal_range
 		//
@@ -43,8 +42,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 				value_type const& amplitude = 1
 				)
 				: base_type(
-					iterator(frequency, amplitude, 0),
-					iterator(frequency, amplitude, sprout::size(range))
+					iterator(0, frequency, amplitude),
+					iterator(sprout::size(range), frequency, amplitude)
 					)
 			{}
 		};
@@ -70,8 +69,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 				value_type const& amplitude = 1
 				)
 				: base_type(
-					iterator(frequency, amplitude, 0),
-					iterator(frequency, amplitude, -1)
+					iterator(0, frequency, amplitude),
+					iterator(-1, frequency, amplitude)
 					)
 			{}
 		};
@@ -82,13 +81,13 @@ namespace sprout {
 		class sinusoidal_forwarder {
 		public:
 			template<typename Value>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<Value>
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<Value>
 			operator()(
 				Value const& frequency = 1,
 				Value const& amplitude = 1
 				)
 			{
-				return sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<Value>(frequency, amplitude);
+				return sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<Value>(frequency, amplitude);
 			}
 		};
 
@@ -96,19 +95,19 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// sinusoidal
 		//
 		namespace {
-			SPROUT_STATIC_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::sinusoidal_forwarder sinusoidal{};
+			SPROUT_STATIC_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_forwarder sinusoidal{};
 		}	// anonymous-namespace
 
 		//
 		// operator|
 		//
 		template<typename Range, typename Value>
-		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<
 			Value,
 			typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
 		>
-		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<Value> const& rhs) {
-			return sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<
+		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<Value> const& rhs) {
+			return sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<
 				Value,
 				typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
 			>(
@@ -117,12 +116,13 @@ namespace sprout {
 				rhs.amplitude()
 				);
 		}
-	}	// namespace range
+	}	// namespace adaptors
+
 	//
 	// container_construct_traits
 	//
 	template<typename Value, typename Range>
-	struct container_construct_traits<sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<Value, Range> > {
+	struct container_construct_traits<sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<Value, Range> > {
 	public:
 		typedef typename sprout::container_construct_traits<Range>::copied_type copied_type;
 	public:
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		template<typename Cont, typename... Args>
 		static SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_type remake(
 			Cont&& cont,
-			typename sprout::container_traits<sprout::range::sinusoidal_range<Value, Range> >::difference_type size,
+			typename sprout::container_traits<sprout::adaptors::sinusoidal_range<Value, Range> >::difference_type size,
 			Args&&... args
 			)
 		{
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp
index 42ea8abd..bbafc7df 100644
--- a/sprout/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include <sprout/utility/value_holder.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
-	namespace range {
+	namespace adaptors {
 		//
 		// transformed_range
 		//
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 		class transformed_forwarder {
 		public:
 			template<typename RRange, typename BinaryFunction>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::transform_holder<
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<
 				BinaryFunction,
 				typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<RRange>::type>::type
 			>
 			operator()(RRange&& range, BinaryFunction func) {
-				return sprout::range::transform_holder<
+				return sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<
 					BinaryFunction,
 					typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<RRange>::type>::type
 				> (
@@ -147,9 +147,9 @@ namespace sprout {
 					);
 			}
 			template<typename UnaryFunction>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::transform_holder<UnaryFunction>
+			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<UnaryFunction>
 			operator()(UnaryFunction func) {
-				return sprout::range::transform_holder<UnaryFunction>(func);
+				return sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<UnaryFunction>(func);
 			}
 		};
 
@@ -157,20 +157,20 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// transformed
 		//
 		namespace {
-			SPROUT_STATIC_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::transformed_forwarder transformed{};
+			SPROUT_STATIC_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::transformed_forwarder transformed{};
 		}	// anonymous-namespace
 
 		//
 		// operator|
 		//
 		template<typename LRange, typename BinaryFunction, typename RRange>
-		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::transformed_range<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<
 			BinaryFunction,
 			typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<LRange>::type>::type,
 			RRange
 		>
-		operator|(LRange&& lhs, sprout::range::transform_holder<BinaryFunction, RRange> const& rhs) {
-			return sprout::range::transformed_range<
+		operator|(LRange&& lhs, sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<BinaryFunction, RRange> const& rhs) {
+			return sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<
 				BinaryFunction,
 				typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<LRange>::type>::type,
 				RRange
@@ -181,12 +181,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 				);
 		}
 		template<typename Range, typename UnaryFunction>
-		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::range::transformed_range<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<
 			UnaryFunction,
 			typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
 		>
-		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::range::transform_holder<UnaryFunction> const& rhs) {
-			return sprout::range::transformed_range<
+		operator|(Range&& lhs, sprout::adaptors::transform_holder<UnaryFunction> const& rhs) {
+			return sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<
 				UnaryFunction,
 				typename std::remove_reference<typename sprout::lvalue_reference<Range>::type>::type
 			>(
@@ -194,12 +194,13 @@ namespace sprout {
 				sprout::lvalue_forward<Range>(lhs)
 				);
 		}
-	}	// namespace range
+	}	// namespace adaptors
+
 	//
 	// container_construct_traits
 	//
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LRange, typename RRange>
-	struct container_construct_traits<sprout::range::transformed_range<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LRange, RRange> > {
+	struct container_construct_traits<sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LRange, RRange> > {
 	public:
 		typedef typename sprout::container_construct_traits<LRange>::copied_type copied_type;
 	public:
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		template<typename Cont, typename... Args>
 		static SPROUT_CONSTEXPR copied_type remake(
 			Cont&& cont,
-			typename sprout::container_traits<sprout::range::transformed_range<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LRange, RRange> >::difference_type size,
+			typename sprout::container_traits<sprout::adaptors::transformed_range<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LRange, RRange> >::difference_type size,
 			Args&&... args
 			)
 		{