diff --git a/sprout/tuple/operation.hpp b/sprout/tuple/operation.hpp
index dc06f029..d53480b3 100644
--- a/sprout/tuple/operation.hpp
+++ b/sprout/tuple/operation.hpp
@@ -5,5 +5,7 @@
 #include <sprout/tuple/operation/append_front.hpp>
 #include <sprout/tuple/operation/push_back.hpp>
 #include <sprout/tuple/operation/push_front.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/operation/pop_back.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/operation/pop_front.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_back.hpp b/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_back.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a4c6cb90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_back.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
+#define SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/index_tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/functions.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/operation/pop_back.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace tuples {
+		namespace result_of {
+			//
+			// pop_back
+			//
+			template<typename Tuple>
+			struct pop_back
+				: public sprout::types::pop_back<Tuple>
+			{};
+		}	// namespace result_of
+
+		namespace detail {
+			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Result pop_back_impl(
+				Tuple const& t,
+				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>
+				)
+			{
+				return sprout::tuples::remake<Result>(
+					t,
+					sprout::tuples::get<Indexes>(t)...
+					);
+			}
+		}	// namespace detail
+		//
+		// pop_back
+		//
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::pop_back<Tuple>::type pop_back(
+			Tuple const& t
+			)
+		{
+			return sprout::tuples::detail::pop_back_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::pop_back<Tuple>::type>(
+				t,
+				sprout::index_range<0, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>::make()
+				);
+		}
+	}	// namespace tuples
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_front.hpp b/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_front.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7044b42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/tuple/operation/pop_front.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
+#define SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/index_tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/tuple/functions.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/operation/pop_front.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace tuples {
+		namespace result_of {
+			//
+			// pop_front
+			//
+			template<typename Tuple>
+			struct pop_front
+				: public sprout::types::pop_front<Tuple>
+			{};
+		}	// namespace result_of
+
+		namespace detail {
+			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Result pop_front_impl(
+				Tuple const& t,
+				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>
+				)
+			{
+				return sprout::tuples::remake<Result>(
+					t,
+					sprout::tuples::get<Indexes>(t)...
+					);
+			}
+		}	// namespace detail
+		//
+		// pop_front
+		//
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::pop_front<Tuple::type pop_front(
+			Tuple const& t,
+			)
+		{
+			return sprout::tuples::detail::pop_front_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::pop_front<Tuple>::type>(
+				t,
+				sprout::index_range<1, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::make()
+				);
+		}
+	}	// namespace tuples
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TUPLE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/tuple/operation/push_back.hpp b/sprout/tuple/operation/push_back.hpp
index dc8f5383..50bbf60e 100644
--- a/sprout/tuple/operation/push_back.hpp
+++ b/sprout/tuple/operation/push_back.hpp
@@ -13,40 +13,40 @@ namespace sprout {
 			//
 			// push_back
 			//
-			template<typename Tuple, typename T>
+			template<typename Tuple, typename... Args>
 			struct push_back
-				: public sprout::types::push_back<Tuple, T>
+				: public sprout::types::push_back<Tuple, Args...>
 			{};
 		}	// namespace result_of
 
 		namespace detail {
-			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, typename T, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, typename... Args, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
 			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Result push_back_impl(
 				Tuple const& t,
-				T const& v,
-				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>
+				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>,
+				Args const&... args
 				)
 			{
 				return sprout::tuples::remake<Result>(
 					t,
 					sprout::tuples::get<Indexes>(t)...,
-					v
+					args...
 					);
 			}
 		}	// namespace detail
 		//
 		// push_back
 		//
-		template<typename Tuple, typename T>
-		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_back<Tuple, T>::type push_back(
+		template<typename Tuple, typename... Args>
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_back<Tuple, Args...>::type push_back(
 			Tuple const& t,
-			T const& v
+			Args const&... args
 			)
 		{
-			return sprout::tuples::detail::push_back_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_back<Tuple, T>::type>(
+			return sprout::tuples::detail::push_back_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_back<Tuple, Args...>::type>(
 				t,
-				v,
-				sprout::index_range<0, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::make()
+				sprout::index_range<0, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::make(),
+				args...
 				);
 		}
 	}	// namespace tuples
diff --git a/sprout/tuple/operation/push_front.hpp b/sprout/tuple/operation/push_front.hpp
index 6b7032bb..47f02b57 100644
--- a/sprout/tuple/operation/push_front.hpp
+++ b/sprout/tuple/operation/push_front.hpp
@@ -13,23 +13,23 @@ namespace sprout {
 			//
 			// push_front
 			//
-			template<typename Tuple, typename T>
+			template<typename Tuple, typename... Args>
 			struct push_front
-				: public sprout::types::push_front<Tuple, T>
+				: public sprout::types::push_front<Tuple, Args...>
 			{};
 		}	// namespace result_of
 
 		namespace detail {
-			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, typename T, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			template<typename Result, typename Tuple, typename... Args, sprout::index_t... Indexes>
 			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Result push_front_impl(
 				Tuple const& t,
-				T const& v,
-				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>
+				sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...>,
+				Args const&... args
 				)
 			{
 				return sprout::tuples::remake<Result>(
 					t,
-					v,
+					args...,
 					sprout::tuples::get<Indexes>(t)...
 					);
 			}
@@ -37,16 +37,16 @@ namespace sprout {
 		//
 		// push_front
 		//
-		template<typename Tuple, typename T>
-		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_front<Tuple, T>::type push_front(
+		template<typename Tuple, typename... Args>
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_front<Tuple, Args...>::type push_front(
 			Tuple const& t,
-			T const& v
+			Args const&... args
 			)
 		{
-			return sprout::tuples::detail::push_front_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_front<Tuple, T>::type>(
+			return sprout::tuples::detail::push_front_impl<typename sprout::tuples::result_of::push_front<Tuple, Args...>::type>(
 				t,
-				v,
-				sprout::index_range<0, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::make()
+				sprout::index_range<0, sprout::tuples::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::make(),
+				args...
 				);
 		}
 	}	// namespace tuples
diff --git a/sprout/type/boost/mpl/v_iter.hpp b/sprout/type/boost/mpl/v_iter.hpp
index 1c66c3ba..4c6a5eed 100644
--- a/sprout/type/boost/mpl/v_iter.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/boost/mpl/v_iter.hpp
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 #include <sprout/config.hpp>
 #include <boost/mpl/vector.hpp>
 #include <boost/mpl/next_prior.hpp>
+#include <boost/mpl/advance.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/iterator/advance.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace types {
@@ -23,6 +25,13 @@ namespace sprout {
 		struct prev<boost::mpl::v_iter<Seq, N> >
 			: public boost::mpl::prior<boost::mpl::v_iter<Seq, N> >
 		{};
+		//
+		// advance
+		//
+		template<typename Seq, long N, std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+		struct advance<boost::mpl::v_iter<Seq, N>, Disatnce>
+			: public boost::mpl::advance_c<boost::mpl::v_iter<Seq, N>, Disatnce>
+		{};
 	}	// namespace types
 }	// namespace sprout
 
diff --git a/sprout/type/iterator.hpp b/sprout/type/iterator.hpp
index 2809eb9f..1aed23fd 100644
--- a/sprout/type/iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/iterator.hpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <sprout/config.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/iterator/advance.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/deref.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/distance.hpp>
 
diff --git a/sprout/type/iterator/advance.hpp b/sprout/type/iterator/advance.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..95a887a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/type/iterator/advance.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_ITERATOR_ADVANCE_HPP
+#define SPROUT_TYPE_ITERATOR_ADVANCE_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace types {
+		//
+		// advance
+		//
+		template<typename Iterator, std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce, typename Enable = void>
+		struct advance {
+		public:
+			typedef typename Iterator::template advance<Disatnce>::type type;
+		};
+
+		template<typename Iterator, std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+		struct advance<Iterator const, Disatnce>
+			: public sprout::types::advance<Iterator, Disatnce>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator, std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+		struct advance<Iterator volatile, Disatnce>
+			: public sprout::types::advance<Iterator, Disatnce>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator, std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+		struct advance<Iterator const volatile, Disatnce>
+			: public sprout::types::advance<Iterator, Disatnce>
+		{};
+	}	// namespace types
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_ITERATOR_ADVANCE_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/type/iterator/index_iterator.hpp b/sprout/type/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
index 07f1ca99..ad6f3d7d 100644
--- a/sprout/type/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
@@ -9,84 +9,123 @@
 
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace types {
-		template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
-		struct index_iterator;
-
-		namespace detail {
-			//
-			// index_iterator_impl
-			//
-			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index, typename = void>
-			struct index_iterator_impl;
-			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
-			struct index_iterator_impl<
-				Tuple,
-				Index,
-				typename std::enable_if<
-					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value == 0
-					|| (Index < 0)
-					|| (Index > sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
-				>::type
-			> {
-			public:
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ type;
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ next;
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ prev;
-			};
-			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
-			struct index_iterator_impl<
-				Tuple,
-				Index,
-				typename std::enable_if<
-					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
-					&& Index == 0
-				>::type
-			> {
-			public:
-				typedef typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type type;
-				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + 1> next;
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ prev;
-			};
-			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
-			struct index_iterator_impl<
-				Tuple,
-				Index,
-				typename std::enable_if<
-					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
-					&& Index == sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value
-				>::type
-			> {
-			public:
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ type;
-				typedef sprout::types::void_ next;
-				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1> prev;
-			};
-			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
-			struct index_iterator_impl<
-				Tuple,
-				Index,
-				typename std::enable_if<
-					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
-					&& (Index > 0)
-					&& (Index < sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
-				>::type
-			> {
-			public:
-				typedef typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type type;
-				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + 1> next;
-				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index - 1> prev;
-			};
-		}	// namespace detail
+//		template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//		struct index_iterator;
+//
+//		namespace detail {
+//			//
+//			// index_iterator_impl
+//			//
+//			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index, typename = void>
+//			struct index_iterator_impl;
+//			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//			struct index_iterator_impl<
+//				Tuple,
+//				Index,
+//				typename std::enable_if<
+//					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value == 0
+//					|| (Index < 0)
+//					|| (Index > sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
+//				>::type
+//			> {
+//			public:
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ type;
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ next;
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ prev;
+//			public:
+//				template<std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+//				struct advance {
+//				public:
+//					typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + Disatnce> type;
+//				};
+//			};
+//			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//			struct index_iterator_impl<
+//				Tuple,
+//				Index,
+//				typename std::enable_if<
+//					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
+//					&& Index == 0
+//				>::type
+//			> {
+//			public:
+//				typedef typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type type;
+//				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + 1> next;
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ prev;
+//			public:
+//				template<std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+//				struct advance {
+//				public:
+//					typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + Disatnce> type;
+//				};
+//			};
+//			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//			struct index_iterator_impl<
+//				Tuple,
+//				Index,
+//				typename std::enable_if<
+//					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
+//					&& Index == sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value
+//				>::type
+//			> {
+//			public:
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ type;
+//				typedef sprout::types::void_ next;
+//				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1> prev;
+//			public:
+//				template<std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+//				struct advance {
+//				public:
+//					typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + Disatnce> type;
+//				};
+//			};
+//			template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//			struct index_iterator_impl<
+//				Tuple,
+//				Index,
+//				typename std::enable_if<
+//					sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value != 0
+//					&& (Index > 0)
+//					&& (Index < sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
+//				>::type
+//			> {
+//			public:
+//				typedef typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type type;
+//				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + 1> next;
+//				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index - 1> prev;
+//			public:
+//				template<std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+//				struct advance {
+//				public:
+//					typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + Disatnce> type;
+//				};
+//			};
+//		}	// namespace detail
 		//
 		// index_iterator
 		//
+//		template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
+//		struct index_iterator
+//			: public sprout::types::detail::index_iterator_impl<Tuple, Index>
+//			, public std::integral_constant<std::ptrdiff_t, Index>
+//		{
+//		public:
+//			typedef typename sprout::types::detail::index_iterator_impl<Tuple, Index>::type type;
+//		};
 		template<typename Tuple, std::ptrdiff_t Index>
 		struct index_iterator
-			: public sprout::types::detail::index_iterator_impl<Tuple, Index>
-			, public std::integral_constant<std::ptrdiff_t, Index>
+			: public std::integral_constant<std::ptrdiff_t, Index>
 		{
 		public:
-			typedef typename sprout::types::detail::index_iterator_impl<Tuple, Index>::type type;
+			typedef typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type type;
+			typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + 1> next;
+			typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index - 1> prev;
+		public:
+			template<std::ptrdiff_t Disatnce>
+			struct advance {
+			public:
+				typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<Tuple, Index + Disatnce> type;
+			};
 		};
 	}	// namespace types
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp b/sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp
index 7b2b61d0..b877ade5 100644
--- a/sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/iterator/next.hpp
@@ -13,6 +13,19 @@ namespace sprout {
 		public:
 			typedef typename Iterator::next type;
 		};
+
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct next<Iterator const>
+			: public sprout::types::next<Iterator>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct next<Iterator volatile>
+			: public sprout::types::next<Iterator>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct next<Iterator const volatile>
+			: public sprout::types::next<Iterator>
+		{};
 	}	// namespace types
 }	// namespace sprout
 
diff --git a/sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp b/sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp
index 13a5558d..c1323e71 100644
--- a/sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/iterator/prev.hpp
@@ -13,6 +13,19 @@ namespace sprout {
 		public:
 			typedef typename Iterator::prev type;
 		};
+
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct prev<Iterator const>
+			: public sprout::types::prev<Iterator>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct prev<Iterator volatile>
+			: public sprout::types::prev<Iterator>
+		{};
+		template<typename Iterator>
+		struct prev<Iterator const volatile>
+			: public sprout::types::prev<Iterator>
+		{};
 	}	// namespace types
 }	// namespace sprout
 
diff --git a/sprout/type/operation.hpp b/sprout/type/operation.hpp
index 387e3e5c..ad3a142e 100644
--- a/sprout/type/operation.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/operation.hpp
@@ -6,5 +6,7 @@
 #include <sprout/type/operation/append_front.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/operation/push_back.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/operation/push_front.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/operation/pop_back.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/operation/pop_front.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/type/operation/pop_back.hpp b/sprout/type/operation/pop_back.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a1bfa46f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/type/operation/pop_back.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
+#define SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/index_tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace types {
+		//
+		// pop_back
+		//
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		struct pop_back {
+		private:
+			template<typename IndexTuple>
+			struct apply_impl;
+			template<sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			struct apply_impl<sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...> >
+				: public sprout::types::rebind_types<
+					Tuple
+				>::template apply<
+					typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Indexes, Tuple>::type...
+				>
+			{};
+		public:
+			typedef typename apply_impl<
+				typename sprout::index_range<0, sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>::type
+			>::type type;
+		};
+	}	// namespace types
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_BACK_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/type/operation/pop_front.hpp b/sprout/type/operation/pop_front.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..976ccb46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/type/operation/pop_front.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
+#define SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/index_tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/tuple.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	namespace types {
+		//
+		// pop_front
+		//
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		struct pop_front {
+		private:
+			template<typename IndexTuple>
+			struct apply_impl;
+			template<sprout::index_t... Indexes>
+			struct apply_impl<sprout::index_tuple<Indexes...> >
+				: public sprout::types::rebind_types<
+					Tuple
+				>::template apply<
+					typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Indexes, Tuple>::type...
+				>
+			{};
+		public:
+			typedef typename apply_impl<
+				typename sprout::index_range<1, sprout::types::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>::type
+			>::type type;
+		};
+	}	// namespace types
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_TYPE_OPERATION_POP_FRONT_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/type/operation/push_back.hpp b/sprout/type/operation/push_back.hpp
index 37e4b3e6..5e7c6b41 100644
--- a/sprout/type/operation/push_back.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/operation/push_back.hpp
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ namespace sprout {
 		//
 		// push_back
 		//
-		template<typename Tuple, typename T>
+		template<typename Tuple, typename... Ts>
 		struct push_back {
+			static_assert(sizeof...(Ts) >= 1, "sizeof...(Ts) >= 1");
 		private:
 			template<typename IndexTuple>
 			struct apply_impl;
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					Tuple
 				>::template apply<
 					typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Indexes, Tuple>::type...,
-					T
+					Ts...
 				>
 			{};
 		public:
diff --git a/sprout/type/operation/push_front.hpp b/sprout/type/operation/push_front.hpp
index 59177793..4a204de0 100644
--- a/sprout/type/operation/push_front.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/operation/push_front.hpp
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ namespace sprout {
 		//
 		// push_front
 		//
-		template<typename Tuple, typename T>
+		template<typename Tuple, typename... Ts>
 		struct push_front {
+			static_assert(sizeof...(Ts) >= 1, "sizeof...(Ts) >= 1");
 		private:
 			template<typename IndexTuple>
 			struct apply_impl;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				: public sprout::types::rebind_types<
 					Tuple
 				>::template apply<
-					T,
+					Ts...,
 					typename sprout::types::tuple_element<Indexes, Tuple>::type...
 				>
 			{};
diff --git a/sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp b/sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp
index 0c8b339a..24587c62 100644
--- a/sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #define SPROUT_TYPE_REBIND_TYPES_HPP
 
 #include <sprout/config.hpp>
-#include <sprout/type/type_tuple.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace types {
@@ -26,13 +25,31 @@ namespace sprout {
 			};
 		};
 
-		template<typename... Ts>
-		struct rebind_types<sprout::types::type_tuple<Ts...> > {
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		struct rebind_types<Tuple volatile> {
 		public:
 			template<typename... Types>
 			struct apply {
 			public:
-				typedef sprout::types::type_tuple<Types...> type;
+				typedef typename sprout::types::rebind_types<
+					Tuple
+				>::template apply<
+					Types...
+				>::type volatile type;
+			};
+		};
+
+		template<typename Tuple>
+		struct rebind_types<Tuple const volatile> {
+		public:
+			template<typename... Types>
+			struct apply {
+			public:
+				typedef typename sprout::types::rebind_types<
+					Tuple
+				>::template apply<
+					Types...
+				>::type const volatile type;
 			};
 		};
 	}	// namespace types
diff --git a/sprout/type/type_tuple.hpp b/sprout/type/type_tuple.hpp
index 9ddafdb5..2cddb8d1 100644
--- a/sprout/type/type_tuple.hpp
+++ b/sprout/type/type_tuple.hpp
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <sprout/type/tuple.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator.hpp>
 #include <sprout/type/iterator/index_iterator.hpp>
+#include <sprout/type/rebind_types.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace types {
@@ -21,6 +22,19 @@ namespace sprout {
 			typedef sprout::types::index_iterator<type_tuple, sizeof...(Types)> end;
 		};
 
+		//
+		// rebind_types
+		//
+		template<typename... Ts>
+		struct rebind_types<sprout::types::type_tuple<Ts...> > {
+		public:
+			template<typename... Types>
+			struct apply {
+			public:
+				typedef sprout::types::type_tuple<Types...> type;
+			};
+		};
+
 		namespace detail {
 			template<std::size_t I, typename T>
 			struct tuple_element_impl;
@@ -37,6 +51,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	}	// namespace types
 
 	using sprout::types::type_tuple;
+	using sprout::types::rebind_types;
 }	// namespace sprout
 
 namespace std {