diff --git a/sprout/cinttypes/abs.hpp b/sprout/cinttypes/abs.hpp
index 6f4b5a73..c635817d 100644
--- a/sprout/cinttypes/abs.hpp
+++ b/sprout/cinttypes/abs.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <sprout/type_traits/enabler_if.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::intmax_t imaxabs(std::intmax_t j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::intmax_t imaxabs(std::intmax_t j) {
 		return j < 0 ? -j : j;
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/cinttypes/div.hpp b/sprout/cinttypes/div.hpp
index 6cbdc1a8..7a02e5b7 100644
--- a/sprout/cinttypes/div.hpp
+++ b/sprout/cinttypes/div.hpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::offsetof_quot == 0
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::type div_impl2(T const& numer, T const& denom) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::type div_impl2(T const& numer, T const& denom) {
 			return {numer / denom, numer % denom};
 		}
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::offsetof_rem == 0
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::type div_impl2(T const &numer, T const& denom) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits2<T>::type div_impl2(T const &numer, T const& denom) {
 			return {numer % denom, numer / denom};
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename T,
 		typename sprout::enabler_if<std::is_same<T, std::intmax_t>::value>::type = sprout::enabler
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::imaxdiv_t div(T numer, T denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::imaxdiv_t div(T numer, T denom) {
 		return sprout::imaxdiv(numer, denom);
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/complex.hpp b/sprout/complex.hpp
index e3eb27b4..34dfff14 100644
--- a/sprout/complex.hpp
+++ b/sprout/complex.hpp
@@ -118,63 +118,63 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 	// 26.4.6, operators:
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() + rhs.real(),
 			lhs.imag() + rhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() + rhs,
 			lhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs + rhs.real(),
 			rhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() - rhs.real(),
 			lhs.imag() - rhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() - rhs,
 			lhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs - rhs.real(),
 			-rhs.imag()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() * rhs.real() - lhs.imag() * rhs.imag(),
 			lhs.real() * rhs.imag() + lhs.imag() * rhs.real()
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() * rhs,
 			lhs.imag() * rhs
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator*(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs * rhs.real(),
 			lhs * rhs.imag()
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> divides_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> divides_impl(
 			sprout::complex<T> const& lhs,
 			sprout::complex<T> const& rhs,
 			T const& n
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> divides_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> divides_impl(
 			T const& lhs,
 			sprout::complex<T> const& rhs,
 			T const& n
@@ -207,50 +207,50 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::detail::divides_impl(lhs, rhs, sprout::norm(rhs));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			lhs.real() / rhs,
 			lhs.imag() / rhs
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator/(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return sprout::detail::divides_impl(lhs, rhs, sprout::norm(rhs));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator+(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return x;
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> operator-(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(-x.real(), -x.imag());
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return lhs.real() == rhs.real() && lhs.imag() == rhs.imag();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return lhs.real() == rhs && lhs.imag() == T();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return lhs == rhs.real() && T() == rhs.imag();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(sprout::complex<T> const& lhs, T const& rhs) {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(T const& lhs, sprout::complex<T> const& rhs) {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename T, typename Char, typename Traits>
@@ -285,32 +285,32 @@ namespace sprout {
 	}
 	// 26.4.7, values:
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T real(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T real(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return x.real();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T imag(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T imag(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return x.imag();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T abs(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T abs(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::sqrt(sprout::norm(x));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T arg(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T arg(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::atan2(x.imag(), x.real());
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T norm(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T norm(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return x.real() * x.real() + x.imag() * x.imag();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> conj(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> conj(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(x.real(), -x.imag());
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> proj_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& den) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> proj_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& den) {
 			return sprout::complex<T>(
 				T(2) * x.real() / den,
 				T(2) * x.imag() / den
@@ -318,14 +318,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	}	// detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> proj(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> proj(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::detail::proj_impl(
 			x,
 			sprout::norm(x) + T(1)
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> polar(T const& rho, T const& theta = 0) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> polar(T const& rho, T const& theta = 0) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(rho * sprout::cos(theta), rho * sprout::sin(theta));
 	}
 	// 26.4.8, transcendentals:
@@ -369,27 +369,27 @@ namespace sprout {
 	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> tanh(sprout::complex<T> const& x);
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acos_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acos_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t) {
 			return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::math::half_pi<T>() - t.real(), -t.imag());
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acos(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acos(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::detail::acos_impl(sprout::asin(x));
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asin_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asin_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t) {
 			return sprout::complex<T>(t.imag(), -t.real());
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asin(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asin(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::detail::asin_impl(sprout::asinh(sprout::complex<T>(-x.imag(), x.real())));
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan_impl_1(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan_impl_1(
 			sprout::complex<T> const& x,
 			T const& r2,
 			T const& z,
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan_impl(
 			sprout::complex<T> const& x,
 			T const& r2
 			)
@@ -418,15 +418,15 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atan(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::detail::atan_impl(x, x.real() * x.real());
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acosh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> acosh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return T(2) * sprout::log(sprout::sqrt(T(0.5) * (x + T(1))) + sprout::sqrt(T(0.5) * (x - T(1))));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asinh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> asinh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::log(
 			sprout::sqrt(
 				sprout::complex<T>(
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh_impl_1(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh_impl_1(
 			sprout::complex<T> const& x,
 			T const& i2,
 			T const& z,
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh_impl(
 			sprout::complex<T> const& x,
 			T const& i2
 			)
@@ -468,69 +468,69 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> atanh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::detail::atanh_impl(x, x.imag() * x.imag());
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> cos(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> cos(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			sprout::cos(x.real()) * sprout::cosh(x.imag()),
 			-(sprout::sin(x.real()) * sprout::sinh(x.imag()))
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> cosh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> cosh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			sprout::cosh(x.real()) * sprout::cos(x.imag()),
 			sprout::sinh(x.real()) * sprout::sin(x.imag())
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> exp(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> exp(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::polar(sprout::exp(x.real()), x.imag());
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> log(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> log(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::log(sprout::abs(x)), sprout::arg(x));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> log10(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> log10(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::log(x) / sprout::log(T(10));
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t, T const& y) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow_impl(sprout::complex<T> const& t, T const& y) {
 			return sprout::polar(sprout::exp(y * t.real()), y * t.imag());
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& y) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& y) {
 		return x == T() ? T()
 			: x.imag() == T() && x.real() > T() ? sprout::pow(x.real(), y)
 			: sprout::detail::pow_impl(sprout::log(x), y)
 			;
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(sprout::complex<T> const& x, sprout::complex<T> const& y) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(sprout::complex<T> const& x, sprout::complex<T> const& y) {
 		return x == T() ? T()
 			: sprout::exp(y * sprout::log(x))
 			;
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(T const& x, sprout::complex<T> const& y) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> pow(T const& x, sprout::complex<T> const& y) {
 		return x > T() ? sprout::polar(sprout::pow(x, y.real()), y.imag() * sprout::log(x))
 			: sprout::pow(sprout::complex<T>(x), y)
 			;
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sin(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sin(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			sprout::sin(x.real()) * sprout::cosh(x.imag()),
 			sprout::cos(x.real()) * sprout::sinh(x.imag())
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sinh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sinh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(
 			sprout::sinh(x.real()) * sprout::cos(x.imag()),
 			sprout::cosh(x.real()) * sprout::sin(x.imag())
@@ -538,49 +538,49 @@ namespace sprout {
 	}
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_1(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_1(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t) {
 			return sprout::complex<T>(t, x.imag() < T() ? -t : t);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_2_1(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t, T const& u) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_2_1(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t, T const& u) {
 			return x.real() > T() ? sprout::complex<T>(u, x.imag() / t)
 				: sprout::complex<T>(sprout::abs(x.imag()) / t, x.imag() < T() ? -u : u)
 				;
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_2(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt_impl_2(sprout::complex<T> const& x, T const& t) {
 			return sprout::detail::sqrt_impl_2_1(x, t, t / 2);
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> sqrt(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return x.real() == T() ? sprout::detail::sqrt_impl_1(x, sprout::sqrt(abs(x.imag()) / 2))
 			: sprout::detail::sqrt_impl_2(x, sprout::sqrt(2 * (sprout::abs(x) + sprout::abs(x.real()))))
 			;
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> tan(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> tan(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::sin(x) / sprout::cos(x);
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> tanh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> tanh(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::sinh(x) / sprout::cosh(x);
 	}
 
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> ceil(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> ceil(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::ceil(x.real()), sprout::ceil(x.imag()));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> floor(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> floor(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::floor(x.real()), sprout::floor(x.imag()));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> trunc(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> trunc(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::trunc(x.real()), sprout::trunc(x.imag()));
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> round(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::complex<T> round(sprout::complex<T> const& x) {
 		return sprout::complex<T>(sprout::round(x.real()), sprout::round(x.imag()));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/container/container_construct_traits.hpp b/sprout/container/container_construct_traits.hpp
index 0ee39a0f..3d7bda57 100644
--- a/sprout/container/container_construct_traits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/container_construct_traits.hpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename Container, typename... Args>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_construct_traits<Container>::copied_type
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_construct_traits<Container>::copied_type
 		default_make_container(Args&&... args) {
 			typedef typename sprout::container_construct_traits<Container>::copied_type copied_type;
 			return copied_type{{sprout::forward<Args>(args)...}};
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_begin.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_begin.hpp
index 7721b34b..a2c3673d 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_begin.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_begin.hpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return sprout::begin(sprout::get_internal(cont));
 	}
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
 		typename std::remove_reference<
 			typename sprout::containers::internal<Container const&>::type
 		>::type
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_cbegin
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
 		typename std::remove_reference<
 			typename sprout::containers::internal<Container const&>::type
 		>::type
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset.hpp
index 7e6bbe5c..a27ee87f 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_begin_offset
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type internal_begin_offset(Container const& cont) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type
+	internal_begin_offset(Container const& cont) {
 		return NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(sprout::internal_begin(cont), sprout::begin(cont));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset_backward.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset_backward.hpp
index 774f5d37..e817d39d 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset_backward.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_begin_offset_backward.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_begin_offset_backward
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type internal_begin_offset_backward(Container const& cont) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type
+	internal_begin_offset_backward(Container const& cont) {
 		return NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(sprout::begin(cont), sprout::internal_end(cont));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_end.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_end.hpp
index 203632b9..f77b5195 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_end.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_end.hpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return sprout::end(sprout::get_internal(cont));
 	}
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
 		typename std::remove_reference<
 			typename sprout::containers::internal<Container const&>::type
 		>::type
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_cend
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<
 		typename std::remove_reference<
 			typename sprout::containers::internal<Container const&>::type
 		>::type
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_end_offset.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_end_offset.hpp
index 6363e3ff..748fb0bc 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_end_offset.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_end_offset.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_end_offset
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type internal_end_offset(Container const& cont) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type
+	internal_end_offset(Container const& cont) {
 		return NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(sprout::internal_begin(cont), sprout::end(cont));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/container/internal_end_offset_backward.hpp b/sprout/container/internal_end_offset_backward.hpp
index 1b1ddcfb..ca299915 100644
--- a/sprout/container/internal_end_offset_backward.hpp
+++ b/sprout/container/internal_end_offset_backward.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// internal_end_offset_backward
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type internal_end_offset_backward(Container const& cont) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::container_traits<Container>::difference_type
+	internal_end_offset_backward(Container const& cont) {
 		return NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(sprout::end(cont), sprout::internal_end(cont));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/cstdlib/abs.hpp b/sprout/cstdlib/abs.hpp
index 3aa456e5..879fcfd3 100644
--- a/sprout/cstdlib/abs.hpp
+++ b/sprout/cstdlib/abs.hpp
@@ -9,23 +9,23 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// Copyright (C) 2011 RiSK (sscrisk)
 
 	// 7.20.6.1  abs，labs，及び llabs 関数
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR int abs(int j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR int abs(int j) {
 		return j < 0 ? -j : j;
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long labs(long j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long labs(long j) {
 		return j < 0 ? -j : j;
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long long llabs(long long j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long long llabs(long long j) {
 		return j < 0 ? -j : j;
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long abs(long j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long abs(long j) {
 		return sprout::labs(j);
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long long abs(long long j) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR long long abs(long long j) {
 		return sprout::llabs(j);
 	}
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				std::is_integral<IntType>::value && std::is_signed<IntType>::value
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR IntType abs(IntType j) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR IntType abs(IntType j) {
 			return j < 0 ? -j : j;
 		}
 		template<
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				std::is_integral<IntType>::value && std::is_unsigned<IntType>::value
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR IntType abs(IntType j) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR IntType abs(IntType j) {
 			return j;
 		}
 	}	// anonymous-namespace
diff --git a/sprout/cstdlib/div.hpp b/sprout/cstdlib/div.hpp
index bdb2c84e..1e209b86 100644
--- a/sprout/cstdlib/div.hpp
+++ b/sprout/cstdlib/div.hpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::offsetof_quot == 0
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::type div_impl(T const& numer, T const& denom) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::type div_impl(T const& numer, T const& denom) {
 			return {numer / denom, numer % denom};
 		}
 
@@ -44,29 +44,29 @@ namespace sprout {
 				sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::offsetof_rem == 0
 			>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::type div_impl(T const &numer, T const& denom) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::detail::div_t_traits<T>::type div_impl(T const &numer, T const& denom) {
 			return {numer % denom, numer / denom};
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 
 	// 7.20.6.2  div，ldiv，及び lldiv 関数
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::div_t div(int numer, int denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::div_t div(int numer, int denom) {
 		return sprout::detail::div_impl(numer, denom);
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::ldiv_t ldiv(long numer, long denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::ldiv_t ldiv(long numer, long denom) {
 		return sprout::detail::div_impl(numer, denom);
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::lldiv_t lldiv(long long numer, long long denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::lldiv_t lldiv(long long numer, long long denom) {
 		return sprout::detail::div_impl(numer, denom);
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::ldiv_t div(long numer, long denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::ldiv_t div(long numer, long denom) {
 		return sprout::ldiv(numer, denom);
 	}
 
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::lldiv_t div(long long numer, long long denom) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::lldiv_t div(long long numer, long long denom) {
 		return sprout::lldiv(numer, denom);
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/ctype/ascii.hpp b/sprout/ctype/ascii.hpp
index a51a2857..f2feed31 100644
--- a/sprout/ctype/ascii.hpp
+++ b/sprout/ctype/ascii.hpp
@@ -153,25 +153,25 @@ namespace sprout {
 				/* 0x7E '~' */ sprout::ascii::detail::graph | sprout::ascii::detail::print | sprout::ascii::detail::punct,
 				/* 0x7F DEL */ sprout::ascii::detail::cntrl
 			};
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char c) {
 				return static_cast<std::size_t>(c) < sprout::ascii::detail::table_size
 					? sprout::ascii::detail::table[static_cast<std::size_t>(c)]
 					: 0
 					;
 			}
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(wchar_t c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(wchar_t c) {
 				return static_cast<std::size_t>(c) < sprout::ascii::detail::table_size
 					? sprout::ascii::detail::table[static_cast<std::size_t>(c)]
 					: 0
 					;
 			}
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char16_t c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char16_t c) {
 				return static_cast<std::size_t>(c) < sprout::ascii::detail::table_size
 					? sprout::ascii::detail::table[static_cast<std::size_t>(c)]
 					: 0
 					;
 			}
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char32_t c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t get_value(char32_t c) {
 				return static_cast<std::size_t>(c) < sprout::ascii::detail::table_size
 					? sprout::ascii::detail::table[static_cast<std::size_t>(c)]
 					: 0
@@ -180,46 +180,46 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}	// namespace detail
 
 #define SPROUT_CTYPE_ASCII_DECL(CHAR_TYPE, PREFIX) \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, alnum))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, alnum))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & (sprout::ascii::detail::alpha | sprout::ascii::detail::digit); \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, alpha))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, alpha))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::alpha; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, blank))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, blank))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::blank; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, cntrl))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, cntrl))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::cntrl; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, digit))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, digit))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::digit; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, graph))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, graph))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::graph; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, lower))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, lower))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::lower; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, print))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, print))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::print; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, punct))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, punct))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::punct; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, space))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, space))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::space; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, upper))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, upper))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::upper; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, xdigit))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool SPROUT_PP_CAT(is, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, xdigit))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::xdigit; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR CHAR_TYPE SPROUT_PP_CAT(to, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, lower))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR CHAR_TYPE SPROUT_PP_CAT(to, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, lower))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::lower ? c + (0x61 - 0x41) : c; \
 		} \
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR CHAR_TYPE SPROUT_PP_CAT(to, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, upper))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR CHAR_TYPE SPROUT_PP_CAT(to, SPROUT_PP_CAT(PREFIX, upper))(CHAR_TYPE c) { \
 			return sprout::ascii::detail::get_value(c) & sprout::ascii::detail::upper ? c - (0x61 - 0x41) : c; \
 		}
 
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/access/access.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/access/access.hpp
index d0afab39..72252416 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/access/access.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/access/access.hpp
@@ -34,9 +34,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// get
 			//
 			template<std::size_t I, typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto get(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::tuples::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto get(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::tuples::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::tuples::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::tuples::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/colors/rgb.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/colors/rgb.hpp
index f6e00f2d..bfe0e1e8 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/colors/rgb.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/colors/rgb.hpp
@@ -19,33 +19,29 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// a
 			//
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto r(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto r(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto g(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto g(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto b(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto b(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto a(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto a(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/coords/vector.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/coords/vector.hpp
index c23a9741..0b5c24fb 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/coords/vector.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/coords/vector.hpp
@@ -17,25 +17,22 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// z
 			//
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto x(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto x(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto y(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto y(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto z(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto z(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
@@ -179,7 +176,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// normal_to_color
 			//
 			template<typename Color, typename Normal>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Color normal_to_color(Normal const& nor) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR Color normal_to_color(Normal const& nor) {
 				return sprout::tuples::make<Color>(
 					0.5 + sprout::darkroom::coords::x(nor) * 0.5,
 					0.5 + sprout::darkroom::coords::y(nor) * 0.5,
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/intersects/intersection.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/intersects/intersection.hpp
index 5942f138..af02dbb4 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/intersects/intersection.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/intersects/intersection.hpp
@@ -19,41 +19,36 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// material
 			//
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto does_intersect(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto does_intersect(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto distance(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto distance(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto point_of_intersection(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto point_of_intersection(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<2>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto normal(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto normal(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<3>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto material(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<4>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto material(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<4>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<4>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<4>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
@@ -63,7 +58,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_intersection
 			//
 			template<typename Distance, typename Point, typename Normal, typename Material>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<bool, Distance, Point, Normal, Material>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<bool, Distance, Point, Normal, Material>
 			make_intersection(bool b, Distance const& dist, Point const& p, Normal const& nor, Material const& mat) {
 				return sprout::tuples::make_tuple(b, dist, p, nor, mat);
 			}
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/materials/material.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/materials/material.hpp
index 05b703a1..f9080936 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/materials/material.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/materials/material.hpp
@@ -15,17 +15,15 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// reflection
 			//
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto color(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto color(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto reflection(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto reflection(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
@@ -36,13 +34,13 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// calc_reflection
 			//
 			template<typename Image, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_color(Image&& t, Unit const& u, Unit const& v) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_color(Image&& t, Unit const& u, Unit const& v) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT
 				-> decltype(sprout::forward<Image>(t).template operator()(u, v))
 			{
 				return sprout::forward<Image>(t).template operator()(u, v);
 			}
 			template<typename Image, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_reflection(Image&& t, Unit const& u, Unit const& v) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_reflection(Image&& t, Unit const& u, Unit const& v) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT
 				-> decltype(sprout::forward<Image>(t).template operator()(u, v))
 			{
 				return sprout::forward<Image>(t).template operator()(u, v);
@@ -52,7 +50,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// calc_material
 			//
 			template<typename Material, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_material(Material const& mat, Unit const& u, Unit const& v)
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto calc_material(Material const& mat, Unit const& u, Unit const& v)
 				-> decltype(sprout::tuples::make_tuple(
 					sprout::darkroom::materials::calc_color(sprout::darkroom::materials::color(mat), u, v),
 					sprout::darkroom::materials::calc_reflection(sprout::darkroom::materials::reflection(mat), u, v)
@@ -68,7 +66,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_material_image
 			//
 			template<typename ColorImage, typename ReflectionImage>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<ColorImage, ReflectionImage>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<ColorImage, ReflectionImage>
 			make_material_image(ColorImage const& col, ReflectionImage const& ref) {
 				return sprout::tuples::make_tuple(col, ref);
 			}
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/materials/plaid.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/materials/plaid.hpp
index 5e1d170c..208c490e 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/materials/plaid.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/materials/plaid.hpp
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_plaid
 			//
 			template<typename Element>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element>
 			make_plaid(Element const& elem1, Element const& elem2) {
 				return sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element>(elem1, elem2);
 			}
 			template<typename Element, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element>
 			make_plaid(Element const& elem1, Element const& elem2, Unit const& scale) {
 				return sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Element, Unit>(elem1, elem2, scale);
 			}
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_plaid_material_image
 			//
 			template<typename Color, typename Reflection>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Color>,
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Reflection>
 			> make_plaid_material_image(
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					);
 			}
 			template<typename Color, typename Reflection, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Color, Unit>,
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::plaid_element<Reflection, Unit>
 			> make_plaid_material_image(
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/materials/texture_map.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/materials/texture_map.hpp
index b3770b6b..48a205a0 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/materials/texture_map.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/materials/texture_map.hpp
@@ -162,12 +162,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_texture_map
 			//
 			template<typename Texture>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::texture_map<Texture>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::texture_map<Texture>
 			make_texture_map(Texture const& texture) {
 				return sprout::darkroom::materials::texture_map<Texture>(texture);
 			}
 			template<typename Texture, typename Unit>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::texture_map<Texture, Unit>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::texture_map<Texture, Unit>
 			make_texture_map(
 				Texture const& texture,
 				Unit const& scale,
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/materials/uniform.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/materials/uniform.hpp
index 9fb83bab..b9dfc2b5 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/materials/uniform.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/materials/uniform.hpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_uniform
 			//
 			template<typename Element>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::uniform_element<Element>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::darkroom::materials::uniform_element<Element>
 			make_uniform(Element const& elem) {
 				return sprout::darkroom::materials::uniform_element<Element>(elem);
 			}
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_uniform_material_image
 			//
 			template<typename Color, typename Reflection>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::uniform_element<Color>,
 				sprout::darkroom::materials::uniform_element<Reflection>
 			> make_uniform_material_image(Color const& col, Reflection const& ref) {
diff --git a/sprout/darkroom/rays/ray.hpp b/sprout/darkroom/rays/ray.hpp
index e466a882..ad7f0956 100644
--- a/sprout/darkroom/rays/ray.hpp
+++ b/sprout/darkroom/rays/ray.hpp
@@ -15,17 +15,15 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// direction
 			//
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto position(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto position(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<0>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
 			}
 			template<typename T>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto direction(
-				T&& t
-				) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto direction(T&& t)
+				SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 				-> decltype(sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 			{
 				return sprout::darkroom::access::get<1>(sprout::forward<T>(t));
@@ -35,7 +33,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			// make_ray
 			//
 			template<typename Position, typename Direction>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<Position, Direction>
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<Position, Direction>
 			make_ray(Position const& pos, Direction const& dir) {
 				return sprout::tuples::make_tuple(pos, dir);
 			}
diff --git a/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n.hpp b/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n.hpp
index 13cd3a29..57b893c7 100644
--- a/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n.hpp
+++ b/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n.hpp
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// count_n
 		//
 		template<typename InputIterator, typename Size, typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type count_n(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type count_n(
 			InputIterator first,
 			Size n,
 			T const& value
diff --git a/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n_if.hpp b/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n_if.hpp
index 54071879..53b9f50a 100644
--- a/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n_if.hpp
+++ b/sprout/detail/algorithm/count_n_if.hpp
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// count_n_if
 		//
 		template<typename InputIterator, typename Size, typename Predicate>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type count_n_if(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type count_n_if(
 			InputIterator first,
 			Size n,
 			Predicate pred
diff --git a/sprout/functional/bind1st.hpp b/sprout/functional/bind1st.hpp
index 2669743a..c2954649 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/bind1st.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/bind1st.hpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 
 	// D.9.2 bind1st
 	template<typename Fn, typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder1st<Fn> bind1st(Fn const& fn, T const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder1st<Fn> bind1st(Fn const& fn, T const& x) {
 		return sprout::binder1st<Fn>(fn, typename Fn::first_argument_type(x));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/functional/bind2nd.hpp b/sprout/functional/bind2nd.hpp
index 6f9c29ce..ff682b91 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/bind2nd.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/bind2nd.hpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 
 	// D.9.4 bind2nd
 	template<typename Fn, typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder2nd<Fn> bind2nd(Fn const& op, T const& x) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder2nd<Fn> bind2nd(Fn const& op, T const& x) {
 		return sprout::binder2nd<Fn>(op, typename Fn::second_argument_type(x));
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/functional/hash/hash.hpp b/sprout/functional/hash/hash.hpp
index 0fa76763..9d55d6f5 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/hash/hash.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/hash/hash.hpp
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 
 	namespace hash_detail {
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed_2(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, T positive, std::size_t i) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed_2(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, T positive, std::size_t i) {
 			return i > 0
 				? hash_value_signed_2(
 					val,
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ namespace sprout {
 				;
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed_1(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, T positive) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed_1(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, T positive) {
 			return hash_value_signed_2(val, length, seed, positive, length * std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::digits);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed(T val) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_signed(T val) {
 			return sprout::hash_detail::hash_value_signed_1(
 				val,
 				(std::numeric_limits<T>::digits - 1) / std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::digits,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned_2(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, std::size_t i) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned_2(T val, int length, std::size_t seed, std::size_t i) {
 			return i > 0
 				? hash_value_unsigned_2(
 					val,
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ namespace sprout {
 				;
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned_1(T val, int length, std::size_t seed) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned_1(T val, int length, std::size_t seed) {
 			return hash_value_unsigned_2(val, length, seed, length * std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::digits);
 		}
 		template<typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned(T val) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value_unsigned(T val) {
 			return sprout::hash_detail::hash_value_unsigned_1(
 				val,
 				(std::numeric_limits<T>::digits - 1) / std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::digits,
diff --git a/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/array.hpp b/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/array.hpp
index 9c5aef11..b58d63de 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/array.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/array.hpp
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace sprout {
 	template<typename T, std::size_t N>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sscrisk::cel::array<T, N> const& v) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sscrisk::cel::array<T, N> const& v) {
 		return sprout::hash_range(v.begin(), v.end());
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/utility.hpp b/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/utility.hpp
index d1d206ed..ffd98fdc 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/utility.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/hash/sscrisk/cel/utility.hpp
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace sprout {
 	template<typename T1, typename T2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sscrisk::cel::pair<T1, T2> const& v) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sscrisk::cel::pair<T1, T2> const& v) {
 		return sprout::hash_combine(sprout::hash_combine(0, v.first), v.second);
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind1st.hpp b/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind1st.hpp
index ae97fffe..5af1087f 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind1st.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind1st.hpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	};
 	template<typename Fn, typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder1st_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder1st_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type>
 	bind1st_(Fn&& fn, T&& x) {
 		typedef sprout::binder1st_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type> type;
 		return type(sprout::forward<Fn>(fn), sprout::forward<T>(x));
diff --git a/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind2nd.hpp b/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind2nd.hpp
index d08ac009..f45603a2 100644
--- a/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind2nd.hpp
+++ b/sprout/functional/polymorphic/bind2nd.hpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 	};
 	template<typename Fn, typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder2nd_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::binder2nd_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type>
 	bind2nd_(Fn&& fn, T&& x) {
 		typedef sprout::binder2nd_<typename std::decay<Fn>::type, typename std::decay<T>::type> type;
 		return type(sprout::forward<Fn>(fn), sprout::forward<T>(x));
diff --git a/sprout/integer/bit_length.hpp b/sprout/integer/bit_length.hpp
index 87d95644..6b7e3bf1 100644
--- a/sprout/integer/bit_length.hpp
+++ b/sprout/integer/bit_length.hpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// bit_length
 	//
 	template<typename IntType>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 		std::is_integral<IntType>::value,
 		IntType
 	>::type bit_length(IntType x) {
diff --git a/sprout/integer/bit_reverse.hpp b/sprout/integer/bit_reverse.hpp
index 00cc0450..522b3c86 100644
--- a/sprout/integer/bit_reverse.hpp
+++ b/sprout/integer/bit_reverse.hpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// bit_reverse_in
 	//
 	template <typename IntType>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 		std::is_integral<IntType>::value,
 		IntType
 	>::type bit_reverse_in(IntType x, std::size_t length) {
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/bytes_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/bytes_iterator.hpp
index 62e37b1c..4fcaf506 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/bytes_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/bytes_iterator.hpp
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator, typename Traits>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::bytes_iterator<Iterator, Traits> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::bytes_iterator<Iterator, Traits> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::bytes_iterator<Iterator, Traits> first,
 		sprout::bytes_iterator<Iterator, Traits> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/counting_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/counting_iterator.hpp
index dbde1e97..f148fe35 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/counting_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/counting_iterator.hpp
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	void swap(sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>& lhs, sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>& rhs)
+	inline void swap(sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>& lhs, sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>& rhs)
 	SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs)))
 	{
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
@@ -194,14 +194,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> next(
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> next(
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> const& it,
 		typename sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -213,14 +213,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> prev(
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> prev(
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> const& it,
 		typename sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Incrementable>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> first,
 		sprout::counting_iterator<Incrementable> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/distance.hpp b/sprout/iterator/distance.hpp
index 1eb79140..88029efd 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/distance.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/distance.hpp
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// Copyright (C) 2011 RiSK (sscrisk)
 
 		template<typename InputIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
 		distance(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
 			return first == last ? 0
 				: 1 + sprout::detail::distance(sprout::next(first), last)
 				;
 		}
 		template<typename InputIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
 		distance_impl(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
 			using sprout::detail::distance;
 			return distance(first, last);
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename InputIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::difference_type
 	distance(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
 		return sprout::detail::distance_impl(first, last);
 	}
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/index_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
index 594a49eb..8926377b 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/index_iterator.hpp
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	void swap(sprout::index_iterator<Container>& lhs, sprout::index_iterator<Container>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::index_iterator<Container>& lhs, sprout::index_iterator<Container>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -199,14 +199,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> next(
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> next(
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> const& it,
 		typename sprout::index_iterator<Container>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -218,14 +218,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> prev(
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::index_iterator<Container> prev(
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> const& it,
 		typename sprout::index_iterator<Container>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::index_iterator<Container> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::index_iterator<Container> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> first,
 		sprout::index_iterator<Container> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/next.hpp b/sprout/iterator/next.hpp
index c4b72d10..5f42f8da 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/next.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/next.hpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename RandomAccessIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 			std::is_literal_type<typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type>::value,
 			typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type
 		>::type next_impl(
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			return sprout::forward<RandomAccessIterator>(it) + 1;
 		}
 		template<typename ForwardIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next_impl(
 			ForwardIterator&& it,
 			void*
 			)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 
 		template<typename RandomAccessIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 			std::is_literal_type<typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type>::value,
 			typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type
 		>::type next_impl(
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			return sprout::forward<RandomAccessIterator>(it) + n;
 		}
 		template<typename ForwardIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next_impl(
 			ForwardIterator it,
 			typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type>::difference_type n,
 			void*
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename ForwardIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next(ForwardIterator&& it) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type
+	next(ForwardIterator&& it) {
 		typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type>::iterator_category* category;
 		return sprout::detail::next_impl(
 			sprout::forward<ForwardIterator>(it),
@@ -62,11 +63,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename ForwardIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type next(
-		ForwardIterator&& it,
-		typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type>::difference_type n
-		)
-	{
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type
+	next(ForwardIterator&& it, typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type>::difference_type n) {
 		typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<ForwardIterator>::type>::iterator_category* category;
 		return sprout::detail::next_impl(
 			sprout::forward<ForwardIterator>(it),
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/prev.hpp b/sprout/iterator/prev.hpp
index f265fa0d..f371045d 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/prev.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/prev.hpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace sprout {
 	namespace detail {
 		template<typename RandomAccessIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 			std::is_literal_type<typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type>::value,
 			typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type
 		>::type prev_impl(
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			return sprout::forward<RandomAccessIterator>(it) - 1;
 		}
 		template<typename BidirectionalIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev_impl(
 			BidirectionalIterator&& it,
 			void*
 			)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		}
 
 		template<typename RandomAccessIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
 			std::is_literal_type<typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type>::value,
 			typename std::decay<RandomAccessIterator>::type
 		>::type prev_impl(
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			return sprout::forward<RandomAccessIterator>(it) - n;
 		}
 		template<typename BidirectionalIterator>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev_impl(
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev_impl(
 			BidirectionalIterator it,
 			typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type>::difference_type n,
 			void*
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename BidirectionalIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev(BidirectionalIterator&& it) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type
+	prev(BidirectionalIterator&& it) {
 		typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type>::iterator_category* category;
 		return sprout::detail::prev_impl(
 			sprout::forward<BidirectionalIterator>(it),
@@ -62,11 +63,8 @@ namespace sprout {
 			);
 	}
 	template<typename BidirectionalIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type prev(
-		BidirectionalIterator&& it,
-		typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type>::difference_type n
-		)
-	{
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type
+	prev(BidirectionalIterator&& it, typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type>::difference_type n) {
 		typedef typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::decay<BidirectionalIterator>::type>::iterator_category* category;
 		return sprout::detail::prev_impl(
 			sprout::forward<BidirectionalIterator>(it),
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/reverse_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/reverse_iterator.hpp
index ba629dd7..a0f44bf8 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/reverse_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/reverse_iterator.hpp
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.base() == rhs.base();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.base() < rhs.base();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return rhs < lhs;
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(rhs < lhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.base() - rhs.base();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> operator+(
 		typename sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> const& it
 		)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	void swap(sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>& lhs, sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>& lhs, sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -196,14 +196,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> next(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> next(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> const& it,
 		typename sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -215,14 +215,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> prev(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> prev(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> const& it,
 		typename sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> first,
 		sprout::reverse_iterator<Iterator> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/sawtooth_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/sawtooth_iterator.hpp
index 6b1887b9..0f3c0db2 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/sawtooth_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/sawtooth_iterator.hpp
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() < rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return rhs < lhs;
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(rhs < lhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() - rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> operator+(
 		typename sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	void swap(sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -222,14 +222,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -241,14 +241,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> first,
 		sprout::sawtooth_iterator<Value> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
index ba8066ac..9fb4f397 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/sinusoid_iterator.hpp
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() < rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return rhs < lhs;
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(rhs < lhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() - rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> operator+(
 		typename sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	void swap(sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -231,14 +231,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -250,14 +250,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> first,
 		sprout::sinusoid_iterator<Value> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/size_enum_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/size_enum_iterator.hpp
index 93713566..472e6566 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/size_enum_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/size_enum_iterator.hpp
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename Iterator1, bool Separated1,
 		typename Iterator2, bool Separated2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, Separated1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, Separated2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.base() - rhs.base();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator1, typename Iterator2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<Iterator1>() - std::declval<Iterator2>()) operator-(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator1, true> const& lhs,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator2, true> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		;
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> operator+(
 		typename sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> const& it
 		)
@@ -364,12 +364,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// make_size_enum_iterator
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator>
 	make_size_enum_iterator(Iterator it) {
 		return sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator>(it);
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, true>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, true>
 	make_size_enum_iterator(
 		Iterator it,
 		typename sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, true>::value_type sep_size,
@@ -396,14 +396,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> next(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> next(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> const& it,
 		typename sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -415,14 +415,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> prev(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> prev(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> const& it,
 		typename sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Iterator, bool Separated>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> first,
 		sprout::size_enum_iterator<Iterator, Separated> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/square_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/square_iterator.hpp
index fbec6254..d3b50b98 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/square_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/square_iterator.hpp
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() < rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return rhs < lhs;
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(rhs < lhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::square_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::square_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() - rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> operator+(
 		typename sprout::square_iterator<Value>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	void swap(sprout::square_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::square_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::square_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::square_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -232,14 +232,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::square_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::square_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::square_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::square_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::square_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> first,
 		sprout::square_iterator<Value> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp
index 4576d621..4c36643b 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, typename LIterator1, typename RIterator1,
 		typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, typename LIterator2, typename RIterator2
 	>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<LIterator1>() - std::declval<LIterator2>()) operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR decltype(std::declval<LIterator1>() - std::declval<LIterator2>()) operator-(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction1, LIterator1, RIterator1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction2, LIterator2, RIterator2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.base() - rhs.base();
 	}
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> operator+(
 		typename sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> const& it
 		)
@@ -363,12 +363,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// make_transform_iterator
 	//
 	template<typename BinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<BinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<BinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>
 	make_transform_iterator(LIterator it1, RIterator it2, BinaryFunction func) {
 		return sprout::transform_iterator<BinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>(it1, it2, func);
 	}
 	template<typename UnaryFunction, typename Iterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryFunction, Iterator>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryFunction, Iterator>
 	make_transform_iterator(Iterator it, UnaryFunction func) {
 		return sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryFunction, Iterator>(it, func);
 	}
@@ -390,14 +390,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> next(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> next(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> const& it,
 		typename sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -409,14 +409,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> prev(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> prev(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> const& it,
 		typename sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename UnaryOrBinaryFunction, typename LIterator, typename RIterator>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> first,
 		sprout::transform_iterator<UnaryOrBinaryFunction, LIterator, RIterator> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/triangle_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/triangle_iterator.hpp
index c7193902..9f031c2f 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/triangle_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/triangle_iterator.hpp
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	};
 
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs == rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() < rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return rhs < lhs;
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<=(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(rhs < lhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR bool operator>=(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return !(lhs < rhs);
 	}
 	template<typename Value1, typename Value2>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1>::difference_type operator-(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value1> const& lhs,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value2> const& rhs
 		)
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		return lhs.index() - rhs.index();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> operator+(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> operator+(
 		typename sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>::difference_type n,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	void swap(sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>& lhs, sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -222,14 +222,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> next(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -241,14 +241,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> prev(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> const& it,
 		typename sprout::triangle_iterator<Value>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename Value>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> >::difference_type
 	distance(
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> first,
 		sprout::triangle_iterator<Value> last
diff --git a/sprout/iterator/value_iterator.hpp b/sprout/iterator/value_iterator.hpp
index 7ac767d0..215a7ec9 100644
--- a/sprout/iterator/value_iterator.hpp
+++ b/sprout/iterator/value_iterator.hpp
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// swap
 	//
 	template<typename T>
-	void swap(sprout::value_iterator<T>& lhs, sprout::value_iterator<T>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
+	inline void swap(sprout::value_iterator<T>& lhs, sprout::value_iterator<T>& rhs) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(lhs.swap(rhs))) {
 		lhs.swap(rhs);
 	}
 
@@ -168,14 +168,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// next
 	//
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> next(
 		sprout::value_iterator<T> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.next();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> next(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> next(
 		sprout::value_iterator<T> const& it,
 		typename sprout::value_iterator<T>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -187,14 +187,14 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// prev
 	//
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> prev(
 		sprout::value_iterator<T> const& it
 		)
 	{
 		return it.prev();
 	}
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> prev(
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::value_iterator<T> prev(
 		sprout::value_iterator<T> const& it,
 		typename sprout::value_iterator<T>::difference_type n
 		)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// distance
 	//
 	template<typename T>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::value_iterator<T> >::difference_type
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::iterator_traits<sprout::value_iterator<T> >::difference_type
 	distance(sprout::value_iterator<T> first, sprout::value_iterator<T> last) {
 		return last - first;
 	}
diff --git a/sprout/math/bernoulli.hpp b/sprout/math/bernoulli.hpp
index 777de681..a37e5504 100644
--- a/sprout/math/bernoulli.hpp
+++ b/sprout/math/bernoulli.hpp
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// bernoulli_number_limit
 		//
 		template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t bernoulli_number_limit() {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t bernoulli_number_limit() {
 			typedef typename std::remove_cv<T>::type type;
 			return sprout::math::detail::bernoulli_numbers<type>::limit;
 		}
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// bernoulli_number
 		//
 		template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T bernoulli_number(std::size_t x) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T bernoulli_number(std::size_t x) {
 			typedef typename std::remove_cv<T>::type type;
 			return x <= sprout::math::bernoulli_number_limit<type>()
 				? x == 1 ? type(-1) / 2
diff --git a/sprout/math/factorial.hpp b/sprout/math/factorial.hpp
index c666ff05..1d38f4f6 100644
--- a/sprout/math/factorial.hpp
+++ b/sprout/math/factorial.hpp
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// factorial_limit
 		//
 		template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value>::type>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t factorial_limit() {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t factorial_limit() {
 			typedef typename std::remove_cv<T>::type type;
 			return sprout::math::detail::factorials<type>::limit;
 		}
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// factorial
 		//
 		template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value>::type>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T factorial(std::size_t x) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR T factorial(std::size_t x) {
 			typedef typename std::remove_cv<T>::type type;
 			return x <= sprout::math::factorial_limit<type>()
 				? sprout::math::detail::factorials<type>::table[x]
diff --git a/sprout/numeric/dft.hpp b/sprout/numeric/dft.hpp
index 6b4b38f4..7c9c642b 100644
--- a/sprout/numeric/dft.hpp
+++ b/sprout/numeric/dft.hpp
@@ -6,12 +6,7 @@
 #include <sprout/numeric/dft/idft.hpp>
 #include <sprout/numeric/dft/dft_element.hpp>
 #include <sprout/numeric/dft/idft_element.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/amplitude_spectrum.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/phase_spectrum.hpp>
 #include <sprout/numeric/dft/spectrum.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/sinusoid.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/sawtooth.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/triangle.hpp>
-#include <sprout/numeric/dft/square.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/wave.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/numeric/dft/fit/wave.hpp b/sprout/numeric/dft/fit/wave.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ffe7f69b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/numeric/dft/fit/wave.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIT_WAVE_HPP
+#define SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIT_WAVE_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fit/sinusoid.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fit/sawtooth.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fit/triangle.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fit/square.hpp>
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIT_WAVE_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/wave.hpp b/sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/wave.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..76041103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/wave.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIXED_WAVE_HPP
+#define SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIXED_WAVE_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/sinusoid.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/sawtooth.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/triangle.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/square.hpp>
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_FIXED_WAVE_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/numeric/dft/wave.hpp b/sprout/numeric/dft/wave.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..02972f7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/numeric/dft/wave.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_WAVE_HPP
+#define SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_WAVE_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fixed/wave.hpp>
+#include <sprout/numeric/dft/fit/wave.hpp>
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_NUMERIC_DFT_WAVE_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/pit.hpp b/sprout/pit.hpp
index e5bcbe98..62f59d3b 100644
--- a/sprout/pit.hpp
+++ b/sprout/pit.hpp
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <sprout/pit/hash.hpp>
 #include <sprout/pit/tuple.hpp>
 #include <sprout/pit/container.hpp>
+#include <sprout/pit/type_traits.hpp>
 #include <sprout/pit/blank.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_PIT_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/pit/hash.hpp b/sprout/pit/hash.hpp
index ebf46dd1..fd78832a 100644
--- a/sprout/pit/hash.hpp
+++ b/sprout/pit/hash.hpp
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace sprout {
 	template<typename Container>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sprout::pit<Container> const& v) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sprout::pit<Container> const& v) {
 		return sprout::to_hash(v.elem);
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/pit/type_traits.hpp b/sprout/pit/type_traits.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ebcc1c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/pit/type_traits.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_PIT_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
+#define SPROUT_PIT_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/pit/pit.hpp>
+
+namespace sprout {
+	//
+	// is_pit
+	//
+	template<typename T>
+	struct is_pit
+		: public std::false_type
+	{};
+	template<typename T>
+	struct is_pit<T const>
+		: public sprout::is_pit<T>
+	{};
+	template<typename T>
+	struct is_pit<T const volatile>
+		: public sprout::is_pit<T>
+	{};
+	template<typename Container>
+	struct is_pit<sprout::pit<Container> >
+		: public std::true_type
+	{};
+}	// namespace sprout
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_PIT_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
index 9b8ce6a1..3433d306 100644
--- a/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor.hpp
@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@
 #include <sprout/range/adaptor/deep_copied.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/adaptor/sized.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/adaptor/size_enumed.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/adaptor/sawtooth_wave.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/adaptor/triangle_wave.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/adaptor/square_wave.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/wave.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/range/adaptor/wave.hpp b/sprout/range/adaptor/wave.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c66b9989
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprout/range/adaptor/wave.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_WAVE_HPP
+#define SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_WAVE_HPP
+
+#include <sprout/config.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/sinusoidal.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/sawtooth_wave.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/triangle_wave.hpp>
+#include <sprout/range/adaptor/square_wave.hpp>
+
+#endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_ADAPTOR_WAVE_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/range/numeric/dft.hpp b/sprout/range/numeric/dft.hpp
index 4056a5aa..09605168 100644
--- a/sprout/range/numeric/dft.hpp
+++ b/sprout/range/numeric/dft.hpp
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 #include <sprout/config.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/numeric/dft/dft.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/numeric/dft/idft.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/numeric/dft/amplitude_spectrum.hpp>
-#include <sprout/range/numeric/dft/phase_spectrum.hpp>
 #include <sprout/range/numeric/dft/spectrum.hpp>
 
 #endif	// #ifndef SPROUT_RANGE_NUMERIC_DFT_HPP
diff --git a/sprout/string/shrink.hpp b/sprout/string/shrink.hpp
index 9ee38bec..71b0c526 100644
--- a/sprout/string/shrink.hpp
+++ b/sprout/string/shrink.hpp
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// shrink
 	//
 	template<typename T, std::size_t N, typename Traits>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::shrink_string<T, N, Traits>
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::shrink_string<T, N, Traits>
 	shrink(sprout::basic_string<T, N, Traits> const& s) {
 		return sprout::shrink_string<T, N, Traits>(s);
 	}
diff --git a/sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp b/sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp
index 9e98b93a..abd15dc0 100644
--- a/sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp
+++ b/sprout/tuple/tuple.hpp
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 		// get
 		//
 		template<std::size_t I, typename T>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR auto
 		get(T&& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(SPROUT_NOEXCEPT_EXPR(std::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t))))
 			-> decltype(std::get<I>(sprout::forward<T>(t)))
 		{
@@ -512,30 +512,30 @@ namespace sprout {
 		//
 		namespace detail {
 			template<std::size_t I, typename Head, typename... Tail>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::add_lvalue_reference<Head>::type
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::add_lvalue_reference<Head>::type
 			get_helper(sprout::tuples::detail::tuple_impl<I, Head, Tail...>& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT {
 				return sprout::tuples::detail::tuple_impl<I, Head, Tail...>::head(t);
 			}
 			template<std::size_t I, typename Head, typename... Tail>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::add_lvalue_reference<typename std::add_const<Head>::type>::type
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename std::add_lvalue_reference<typename std::add_const<Head>::type>::type
 			get_helper(sprout::tuples::detail::tuple_impl<I, Head, Tail...> const& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT {
 				return sprout::tuples::detail::tuple_impl<I, Head, Tail...>::head(t);
 			}
 		}	// namespace detail
 		template<std::size_t I, typename... Types>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type&
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type&
 		get(sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...>& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT {
 			return sprout::tuples::detail::get_helper<I>(t);
 		}
 		template<std::size_t I, typename... Types>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type&&
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type&&
 		get(sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...>&& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT {
 			return sprout::forward<typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type&&>(
 				sprout::tuples::get<I>(t)
 				);
 		}
 		template<std::size_t I, typename... Types>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type const&
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<I, sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> >::type const&
 		get(sprout::tuples::tuple<Types...> const& t) SPROUT_NOEXCEPT {
 			return sprout::tuples::detail::get_helper<I>(t);
 		}
diff --git a/sprout/utility/pack.hpp b/sprout/utility/pack.hpp
index d864e129..2bcd4ba2 100644
--- a/sprout/utility/pack.hpp
+++ b/sprout/utility/pack.hpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 			typename... Tail,
 			typename sprout::enabler_if<N == 0>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR R fppack_at_impl(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR R fppack_at_impl(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) {
 			return sprout::forward<Head>(head);
 		}
 		template<
@@ -58,12 +58,12 @@ namespace sprout {
 			typename... Tail,
 			typename sprout::enabler_if<N != 0>::type = sprout::enabler
 		>
-		SPROUT_CONSTEXPR R fppack_at_impl(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) {
+		inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR R fppack_at_impl(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) {
 			return sprout::detail::fppack_at_impl<N - 1, R>(sprout::forward<Tail>(tail)...);
 		}
 	}	// namespace detail
 	template<std::size_t N, typename... Args>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tppack_at<N, Args&&...>::type fppack_at(Args&&... args) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tppack_at<N, Args&&...>::type fppack_at(Args&&... args) {
 		return sprout::detail::fppack_at_impl<
 			N,
 			typename sprout::tppack_at<N, Args&&...>::type
diff --git a/sprout/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp b/sprout/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp
index 5423499d..fff4ce5c 100644
--- a/sprout/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp
+++ b/sprout/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <sprout/uuid/uuid.hpp>
 
 namespace sprout {
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sprout::uuids::uuid const& v) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t hash_value(sprout::uuids::uuid const& v) {
 		return sprout::hash_range(v.begin(), v.end());
 	}
 }	// namespace sprout
diff --git a/sprout/variant/get.hpp b/sprout/variant/get.hpp
index bfc6024f..69535633 100644
--- a/sprout/variant/get.hpp
+++ b/sprout/variant/get.hpp
@@ -11,22 +11,22 @@ namespace sprout {
 	// get
 	//
 	template<typename U, typename... Types>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR U const& get(sprout::variant<Types...> const& operand) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR U const& get(sprout::variant<Types...> const& operand) {
 		return operand.template get<U>();
 	}
 	template<typename U, typename... Types>
-	U& get(sprout::variant<Types...>& operand) {
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR U& get(sprout::variant<Types...>& operand) {
 		return operand.template get<U>();
 	}
 	template<std::size_t I, typename... Types>
-	SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<
 		I,
 		sprout::variant<Types...>
 	>::type const& get(sprout::variant<Types...> const& operand) {
 		return operand.template get_at<I>();
 	}
 	template<std::size_t I, typename... Types>
-	typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<
+	inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR typename sprout::tuples::tuple_element<
 		I,
 		sprout::variant<Types...>
 	>::type& get(sprout::variant<Types...>& operand) {
diff --git a/sprout/weed/detail/bdigits.hpp b/sprout/weed/detail/bdigits.hpp
index d0c3c02d..31de2db9 100644
--- a/sprout/weed/detail/bdigits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/weed/detail/bdigits.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 #		undef SPROUT_WEED_BDIGITS_TABLE_DEF
 
 			template<typename IntType>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> bvalue_at(std::size_t i) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> bvalue_at(std::size_t i) {
 				return i < 2
 					? sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool>(
 						static_cast<IntType>(sprout::weed::detail::bvalues<void>::table[i]),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					;
 			}
 			template<typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_bdigit(Elem c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_bdigit(Elem c) {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::bvalue_at<IntType>(
 					NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(
 						sprout::weed::detail::bdigits<Elem>::table.begin(),
diff --git a/sprout/weed/detail/digits.hpp b/sprout/weed/detail/digits.hpp
index ef3aaa35..79e2543c 100644
--- a/sprout/weed/detail/digits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/weed/detail/digits.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 #		undef SPROUT_WEED_DIGITS_TABLE_DEF
 
 			template<typename IntType>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> value_at(std::size_t i) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> value_at(std::size_t i) {
 				return i < 10
 					? sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool>(
 						static_cast<IntType>(sprout::weed::detail::values<void>::table[i]),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					;
 			}
 			template<typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_digit(Elem c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_digit(Elem c) {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::value_at<IntType>(
 					NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(
 						sprout::weed::detail::digits<Elem>::table.begin(),
diff --git a/sprout/weed/detail/ndigits.hpp b/sprout/weed/detail/ndigits.hpp
index 430fe59a..3d44584e 100644
--- a/sprout/weed/detail/ndigits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/weed/detail/ndigits.hpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 	namespace weed {
 		namespace detail {
 			template<std::size_t Radix, typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
 				Elem c,
 				typename std::enable_if<Radix == 10>::type* = 0
 				)
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::from_digit<IntType>(c);
 			}
 			template<std::size_t Radix, typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
 				Elem c,
 				typename std::enable_if<Radix == 2>::type* = 0
 				)
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::from_bdigit<IntType>(c);
 			}
 			template<std::size_t Radix, typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
 				Elem c,
 				typename std::enable_if<Radix == 8>::type* = 0
 				)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::from_odigit<IntType>(c);
 			}
 			template<std::size_t Radix, typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_ndigit(
 				Elem c,
 				typename std::enable_if<Radix == 16>::type* = 0
 				)
diff --git a/sprout/weed/detail/odigits.hpp b/sprout/weed/detail/odigits.hpp
index ab734950..09d40d35 100644
--- a/sprout/weed/detail/odigits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/weed/detail/odigits.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 #		undef SPROUT_WEED_ODIGITS_TABLE_DEF
 
 			template<typename IntType>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> ovalue_at(std::size_t i) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> ovalue_at(std::size_t i) {
 				return i < 8
 					? sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool>(
 						static_cast<IntType>(sprout::weed::detail::ovalues<void>::table[i]),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					;
 			}
 			template<typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_odigit(Elem c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_odigit(Elem c) {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::ovalue_at<IntType>(
 					NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(
 						sprout::weed::detail::odigits<Elem>::table.begin(),
diff --git a/sprout/weed/detail/xdigits.hpp b/sprout/weed/detail/xdigits.hpp
index 6908a467..98764396 100644
--- a/sprout/weed/detail/xdigits.hpp
+++ b/sprout/weed/detail/xdigits.hpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 #		undef SPROUT_WEED_XDIGITS_TABLE_DEF
 
 			template<typename IntType>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> xvalue_at(std::size_t i) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> xvalue_at(std::size_t i) {
 				return i < 22
 					? sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool>(
 						static_cast<IntType>(sprout::weed::detail::xvalues<void>::table[i]),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace sprout {
 					;
 			}
 			template<typename IntType, typename Elem>
-			SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_xdigit(Elem c) {
+			inline SPROUT_CONSTEXPR sprout::tuples::tuple<IntType, bool> from_xdigit(Elem c) {
 				return sprout::weed::detail::xvalue_at<IntType>(
 					NS_SSCRISK_CEL_OR_SPROUT::distance(
 						sprout::weed::detail::xdigits<Elem>::table.begin(),